Residence & Liability
TAXES CONSOLIDATION ACT
Chapter 3
Capital gains tax (ss. 28-31)
28.
Taxation of capital gains and rate of charge.
(1)Capital gains tax shall be charged in accordance with the Capital Gains Tax Acts in respect of capital gains, that is, in respect of chargeable gains computed in accordance with those Acts and accruing to a person on the disposal of assets.
(2)Capital gains tax shall be assessed and charged for years of assessment in respect of chargeable gains accruing in those years.
(3)Except where otherwise provided by the Capital Gains Tax Acts, the rate of capital gains tax in respect of a chargeable gain accruing to a person on the disposal of an asset shall be 33 per cent, and any reference in those Acts to the rate specified in this section shall be construed accordingly.
29.
Persons chargeable.
(1)In this section –
“designated area” has the same meaning as it has in the Maritime Jurisdiction Act 2021;
“exploration or exploitation rights” has the same meaning as in section 13;
“shares” includes stock and any security;
“security” includes securities not creating or evidencing a charge on assets, and interest paid by a company on money advanced without the issue of a security for the advance, or other consideration given by a company for the use of money so advanced, shall be treated as if paid or given in respect of a security issued for the advance by the company.
(1A)
(a)In this subsection –
‘arrangement’ includes any agreement, understanding, scheme, transaction or series of transactions;
‘relevant assets’ means assets mentioned in –
(i)subsection (3)(a) or (b), or
(ii)subsection (6).
(b)A disposal of relevant assets, for the purpose of this section, includes the disposal of shares deriving their value or the greater part of their value directly or indirectly from those assets, other than shares quoted on a stock exchange.
(c)In calculating the portion of the value of shares attributable directly or indirectly to relevant assets for the purposes of paragraph (b), account shall not be taken of any arrangement that –
(i)involves a transfer of money or other assets (apart from relevant assets) from a person connected with the company in which those shares are held,
(ii)is made before a disposal of relevant assets, and
(iii)the main purpose or one of the main purposes of which is the avoidance of tax.
(2)Subject to any exceptions in the Capital Gains Tax Acts, a person shall be chargeable to capital gains tax in respect of chargeable gains accruing to such person in a year of assessment for which such person is resident or ordinarily resident in the State.
(3)Subject to any exceptions in the Capital Gains Tax Acts, a person who is neither resident nor ordinarily resident in the State shall be chargeable to capital gains tax for a year of assessment in respect of chargeable gains accruing to such person in that year on the disposal of –
(a)land in the State,
(b)minerals in the State or any rights, interests or other assets in relation to mining or minerals or the searching for minerals,
(c)assets situated in the State which at or before the time when the chargeable gains accrued were used in or for the purposes of a trade carried on by such person in the State through a branch or agency, or which at or before that time were used or held or acquired for use by or for the purposes of the branch or agency,
(d)assets situated outside the State of an overseas life assurance company (within the meaning of section 706(1)), being assets which were held in connection with the life business (within the meaning of section 706(1)) carried on by the company, which at or before the time the chargeable gains accrued were used or held by or for the purposes of that company’s branch or agency in the State.
(4)Subsection (2) shall not apply in respect of chargeable gains accruing from the disposal of assets situated outside the State to an individual who satisfies the Revenue Commissioners that he or she is not domiciled in the State; but –
(a)the tax shall be charged on the amounts received in the State in respect of those chargeable gains,
(b)any such amounts shall be treated for the purposes of the Capital Gains Tax Acts as gains accruing when they are received in the State, and
(c)any losses accruing to the individual on the disposal of assets situated outside the State shall not be allowable losses for the purposes of the Capital Gains Tax Acts.
(5)For the purposes of subsection (4), all amounts paid, used or enjoyed in or in any manner or form transmitted or brought to the State shall be treated as received in the State in respect of any gain, and section 72 shall apply as it would apply if the gain were income arising from possessions outside of the State.
(5A)
(a)This subsection shall apply where an individual referred to in subsection (4) transfers outside the State, to his or her spouse or civil partner, any of the proceeds of the disposal of any assets on which chargeable gains accrue, as referred to in that subsection.
(b)Where this subsection applies, any amounts received or treated, under subsection (5), as received in the State on or after 24 October 2013 which derive from any transfer referred to in paragraph (a) shall be treated, for the purpose of subsection (4), as amounts received in the State by the individual in respect of chargeable gains referred to in subsection (4).
(6)Any gains accruing on the disposal of exploration or exploitation rights in a designated area shall be treated for the purposes of the Capital Gains Tax Acts as gains accruing on the disposal of assets situated in the State.
(7)Any gains accruing to a person who is neither resident nor ordinarily resident in the State on the disposal of assets mentioned in subsections (3)(b) and (6) shall be treated for the purposes of capital gains tax as gains accruing on the disposal of assets used for the purposes of a trade carried on by that person in the State through a branch or agency.
(8)A person aggrieved by a decision of the Revenue Commissioners on any question as to the domicile or ordinary residence of that person arising under the Capital Gains Tax Acts may appeal the decision to the Appeal Commissioners, in accordance with section 949I, within the period of 2 months after the date of the notice of the decision.
(9)[deleted]
29A.
Temporary non-residents.
(1)
(a)In this section –
“intervening year”, in relation to an individual, means any year of assessment falling within the period commencing with the first day of the year of assessment immediately following the year of his or her departure and ending with the last day of the year of assessment immediately preceding the year of his or her return;
“relevant assets”, in relation to an individual, means shares in a company, or rights to acquire shares in a company, being shares or rights which he or she beneficially owned on the last day of the year of his or her departure and the market value of which on that day –
(i)is equal to, or exceeds, 5 per cent of the value of the issued share capital of the company, or
(ii)exceeds €500,000;
“year of departure”, in relation to an individual, means the last year of assessment before the year of return, for which the individual is resident in the State, and references to year of his or her departure shall be construed accordingly;
“year of return”, in relation to an individual, has the meaning assigned to it by subsection (2), and references to year of his or her return shall be construed accordingly.
(b)References in this section to an individual being resident in the State for a year of assessment shall be construed as references to an individual –
(i)who is resident in the State for the year of assessment, and
(ii)who could be taxed in the State for that year in respect of gains on a disposal, on each day of that year, of his or her relevant assets, if such a disposal were made by the individual on that day and gains accrued on the disposal.
(c)References in this section to an individual being not resident in the State for a year of assessment shall be construed as references to an individual who could not be taxed in the State for that year in respect of gains on a disposal in that year, or part of that year, of his or her relevant assets, or part of those assets, if the individual had made such a disposal in that year, or, as the case may be, that part of that year, and gains accrued on the disposal.
(2)This section applies to an individual where –
(a)the individual has relevant assets,
(b)the individual is resident in the State for a year of assessment (in this section referred to as the “year of return”),
(c)the individual was not resident in the State for one or more years of assessment immediately preceding the year of his or her return; but there is a year of assessment before the year of return for which the individual was resident in the State and, at any time during that year, the individual was domiciled in the State, and
(d)there are not more than 5 years of assessment falling between the year of his or her departure and the year of his or her return.
(3)Where an individual to whom this section applies, disposes of his or her relevant assets or any part of them (as the case may be) in one or more intervening years, the individual shall, for the purposes of the Capital Gains Tax Acts, be deemed to have disposed of and immediately reacquired, the relevant assets or that part of them (as the case may be), on the last day of the year of his or her departure, for a consideration equal to their market value on that day.
(3A)Notwithstanding subsection (3), where the market value of the relevant assets on the day they were disposed of is greater or less than the market value of those assets on the last day of the year, referred to in that subsection, that greater or lesser market value shall be substituted for the market value on that last day of the year.
(4)Where by virtue of subsection (3), an individual is chargeable to capital gains tax in respect of a deemed disposal of his or her relevant assets or any part of them (as the case may be), credit shall be allowed against such tax in respect of tax (in this section referred to as “foreign tax”) payable on the subsequent disposal by the individual of those relevant assets or that part of them (as the case may be) under the law of any territory outside the State, the government of which has entered into arrangements having the force of law by virtue of section 826(1), and the amount of such credit –
(a)shall be calculated having regard to the provisions of Schedule 24, and
(b)notwithstanding those provisions, shall not exceed the amount by which capital gains tax payable by the individual would be reduced if the individual had not been deemed to have disposed of relevant assets or that part of them (as the case may be).
(5)Where by virtue of subsection (3) a chargeable gain accrues to an individual, the provisions of Part 41A shall apply in relation to the chargeable gain, as if the year of his or her departure were the year of his or her return.
30.
Partnerships.
Where 2 or more persons carry on a trade, business or profession in partnership –
(a)capital gains tax in respect of chargeable gains accruing to those persons on the disposal of any partnership assets shall be assessed and charged on them separately, and
(b)any partnership dealings in assets shall be treated as dealings by the partners and not by the firm as such.
31.
Amount chargeable.
Capital gains tax shall be charged on the total amount of chargeable gains accruing to the person chargeable in the year of assessment, after deducting –
(a)any allowable losses accruing to that person in that year of assessment, and
(b)in so far as they have not been allowed as a deduction from chargeable gains accruing in any previous year of assessment, any allowable losses accruing to that person in any previous year of assessment (not earlier than the year 1974-75).
Part 45
Charging and Assessing of Non-Residents (ss. 1032-1043)
Chapter 2
Capital gains tax (ss. 1042-1043)
1042.
Charging and assessment of persons not resident or ordinarily resident: modification of general rules.
(1)Notwithstanding section 28(2), 31 or 979, any capital gains tax payable in respect of a chargeable gain which on a disposal accrues to a person not resident or ordinarily resident in the State at the time at which the disposal is made may be assessed and charged before the end of the year of assessment in which the chargeable gain accrues, and the tax so assessed and charged shall be payable at or before the expiration of a period of 3 months beginning with the time at which the disposal is made, or at the expiration of a period of 2 months beginning with the date of making the assessment, whichever is the later.
(2)In computing the amount of capital gains tax payable under subsection (1), section 31 shall apply with any necessary modifications as regards the deduction of any allowable losses which accrued to the person mentioned in subsection (1) before the date of making of the assessment mentioned in that subsection.
1043.
Application of sections 1034 and 1035 for purposes of capital gains tax.
Without prejudice to Part 41A, sections 1034 and 1035 shall apply, subject to any necessary modifications, to capital gains tax.