Guidelines lay down the condition under which States may give aid to railways. They\u00a0provide for conditions of support by means of infrastructure funding, purchase of rolling stock, debt cancellation with a view to financial rejuvenation, aid for restructuring, aid for coordination of transport State guarantees.<\/p>\n
A 2011 Directive seeks to establish a single European railway area.\u00a0 It merges previous directives and makes certain important substantive changes.\u00a0The Directive sets exhaustive lists of conditions for licensing of railways on an EU wide basis and access to licensing data.<\/p>\n
It requires detailed network statements.\u00a0 These are documents to be published annually providing details of the characteristics of the available infrastructure and the conditions for use. It ensures non-discriminatory access of rail operators to rail-related services, such as stations, freight terminals and maintenance facilities.<\/p>\n
A service provider belonging to a body with a dominant position in the market in question must be independent. Separate accounts and organisational and decision-making is required.\u00a0 They need not be a separate legal entity.<\/p>\n
The Directive provides for competitive and non-discriminatory charges for using infrastructure facilities and services.\u00a0 It lays down rules on conflicts of interest and unfair practices in rail-related services.<\/p>\n
National rail regulators must be independent.\u00a0 They cannot have any stake in regulated companies.\u00a0 Their nomination must be undertaken by authorities not exercising direct shareholder rights in regulated companies.\u00a0 There are other provisions to protect their independence, including cooling-on and cooling-off to control staff movements between the regulator and the regulated undertakings.<\/p>\n
They have the competence to impose sanctions and conduct audits.\u00a0 They must work with their counterparts on cross-border issues.\u00a0 Their powers have been extended to cover rail-related services in order to eliminate discrimination.<\/p>\n\n
\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Competitive Networks for Freight A 2010 regulation seeks to create a Competitive European Rail Network for Freight.\u00a0 It established rules for the creation and organisation of international rail corridors for competitive rail freight.\u00a0 For each corridor, States must establish an executive board, made up of representatives of the states\u2019 authorities concerned.\u00a0 For each freight corridor, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[104,127],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12219"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12219"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12219\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18703,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12219\/revisions\/18703"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}