{"id":12999,"date":"2022-08-13T22:46:41","date_gmt":"2022-08-13T22:46:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/legalblog.ie\/?p=12999"},"modified":"2024-04-24T21:09:40","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T21:09:40","slug":"copyright-infringement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/copyright-infringement\/","title":{"rendered":"Secondary Infringement"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_63 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/copyright-infringement\/#Distributing_Infringing_Works\" title=\"Distributing Infringing Works\">Distributing Infringing Works<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/copyright-infringement\/#Device_Facilitating\" title=\"Device Facilitating\">Device Facilitating<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/copyright-infringement\/#Persons_Liable\" title=\"Persons Liable\">Persons Liable<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/copyright-infringement\/#Secondary_Infringement_Offences\" title=\"Secondary Infringement Offences\">Secondary Infringement Offences<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/copyright-infringement\/#Performance_etc_Offences\" title=\"Performance etc. Offences\">Performance etc. Offences<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/copyright-infringement\/#Device_Offences\" title=\"Device Offences\">Device Offences<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/copyright-infringement\/#Enforcement\" title=\"Enforcement\">Enforcement<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/copyright-infringement\/2\/#COPYRIGHT_ACT\" title=\"COPYRIGHT ACT\">COPYRIGHT ACT<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/copyright-infringement\/2\/#Interpretation_of_infringing_copy\" title=\"Interpretation of infringing copy.\">Interpretation of infringing copy.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/copyright-infringement\/2\/#Secondary_infringement_dealing_with_infringing_copy\" title=\"Secondary infringement: dealing with infringing copy.\">Secondary infringement: dealing with infringing copy.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/copyright-infringement\/2\/#Secondary_infringement_providing_means_for_making_infringing_copies\" title=\"Secondary infringement: providing means for making infringing copies.\">Secondary infringement: providing means for making infringing copies.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/copyright-infringement\/2\/#Secondary_infringement_permitting_use_of_premises_for_infringing_performances\" title=\"Secondary infringement: permitting use of premises for infringing performances.\">Secondary infringement: permitting use of premises for infringing performances.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/copyright-infringement\/2\/#Secondary_infringement_permitting_use_of_apparatus_for_infringing_performances\" title=\"Secondary infringement: permitting use of apparatus for infringing performances.\">Secondary infringement: permitting use of apparatus for infringing performances.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Distributing_Infringing_Works\"><\/span>Distributing Infringing Works<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A person infringes the copyright in a work where he or she without the licence of the copyright owner\u2014<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>sells, rents or lends, or offers or exposes for sale, rental or loan,<\/li>\n<li>imports into the State, otherwise than for his or her private and domestic use,<\/li>\n<li>in the course of a business, trade or profession has in his or her possession, custody or control or makes available to the public, or<\/li>\n<li>otherwise than in the course of a business, trade or profession, makes available to the public to such an extent as to prejudice the interests of the owner of the copyright,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>a copy of the work which is, and which he or she knows or has reason to believe is, an infringing copy of the work.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Device_Facilitating\"><\/span>Device Facilitating<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A person infringes the copyright in a work where he or she, without the licence of the copyright owner\u2014<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>makes,<\/li>\n<li>sells, rents or lends, or offers or exposes for sale, rental or loan,<\/li>\n<li>imports into the State, or<\/li>\n<li>has in his or her possession, custody or control,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>an article specifically designed or adapted for making copies of that work, knowing or having reason to believe that it has been or is to be used to make infringing copies.<\/p>\n<p>A person infringes the copyright in a work where he or she, without the licence of the copyright owner, transmits the work by means of a telecommunications system (otherwise than by broadcasting or inclusion in a cable programme service) knowing or having reason to believe that infringing copies of the work may be copyright of \u00a0Houses of the Oireachtas made by means of the reception of the transmission in the State or elsewhere.<\/p>\n<p>Where the copyright in work is infringed by a performance at a place of public entertainment, any person who gave permission for that place to be used for the performance shall also be liable for the infringement unless, when that person gave permission, he or she had reason to believe that the performance would not infringe copyright.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Persons_Liable\"><\/span>Persons Liable<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Where the copyright in work is infringed by a public performance of the work, or by playing or showing the work in public, by means of apparatus for\u2014<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>playing sound recordings,<\/li>\n<li>showing films, or<\/li>\n<li>receiving sounds or images or any combination of sounds or images, or<\/li>\n<li>the representations thereof, conveyed by any means,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The following persons shall also be liable for the infringement:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>a person who supplied the apparatus, or any substantial part thereof if, when he or she supplied the apparatus or part thereof\u2014 (I) he or she knew or had reason to believe that the apparatus was likely to be used to infringe copyright, or in the case of apparatus, the normal use of which involves a public performance, playing or showing, he or she had reason to believe that it would be used to infringe copyright;<\/li>\n<li>an owner or occupier of premises who gave permission for the apparatus to be brought onto the premises if, when the owner or occupier gave permission, he or she knew or had reason to believe that the apparatus was likely to be used to infringe copyright; and<\/li>\n<li>a person who supplied a copy of a sound recording or film used to infringe copyright if, when the person supplied it, he or she knew or had reason to believe that what was supplied, or a copy made directly or indirectly therefrom, was likely to be used to infringe copyright<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Secondary_Infringement_Offences\"><\/span>Secondary Infringement Offences<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>It is an offence in relation to an infringing copy to<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>make it for sale, rent or loan;<\/li>\n<li>expose it for sale, rent or loan, import,<\/li>\n<li>have possession of it in the course of business or<\/li>\n<li>make it available to the public in the course of a business to such an extent so as to prejudice the interest of the owners of the copyright<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>a copy of work which he knows or has reason to believe is an infringing copy of the work. The copy must be an infringing copy.<\/p>\n<p>It is an offence to manufacture, sell, rent, lend import or have in one&#8217;s possession a protection-defeating device, knowing or having reason to believe it is used to counter rights protection mechanisms.<\/p>\n<p>It is an offence to manufacture, sell, rent or import or have possession of an article designed or adapted for making infringing copies.<\/p>\n<p>The offence is subject on summary conviction to a fine of up to \u20ac1,900 for each copy or offence, imprisonment for up to 12 months or on indictment, a fine of up to \u20ac125,000 euro or imprisonment of up to 5 years or both.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Performance_etc_Offences\"><\/span>Performance etc. Offences<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>It is a breach of copyright and an offence to infringe copyright by<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>public performance of a literary, dramatic or musical work,<\/li>\n<li>the playing or showing in public of a sound recording, artistic work, original database or film, or<\/li>\n<li>broadcasting a work or including work in a cable programme service,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>where the person you or had reason to believe that copyright in the work would be infringed<\/p>\n<p>It is an offence to manufacture sell, rent, lend import or have in one\u2019s possession a\u00a0 protection defeating device, knowing or having reason to believe it is used to counter rights protection mechanisms.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Device_Offences\"><\/span>Device Offences<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>It is an offence to manufacture, sell or rent or import or possession of an article designed or adapted for making infringing copies. A person who\u2014<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>makes,<\/li>\n<li>sells, rents or lends, or offers or exposes for sale, rental or loan,<\/li>\n<li>imports into the State, or<\/li>\n<li>has in his or her possession, custody or control,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>an article specifically designed or adapted for making copies of a work, knowing or having reason to believe that it has been or is to be used to make infringing copies, shall be guilty of an offence.<\/p>\n<p>The offence is subject on summary conviction to a class C fine for each copy or offence, imprisonment or up to 12 months or on indictment a fine of up to \u20ac130,000 euro or imprisonment of up to 5 years or both.<\/p>\n<p>A person who, for financial gain, makes a claim to enjoy a right which is, and which he or she knows or has reason to believe is, false shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction on indictment to a fine not exceeding \u00a3100,000 \u20ac130,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years, or both.<\/p>\n<p>Where a person is convicted of an offence or the court is satisfied that there is a presumptive case to answer, infringing copies, articles and devices may be ordered to be delivered up to the copyright owner or such other person as the court directs. The copies may be forfeited.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Enforcement\"><\/span>Enforcement<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>An application may be made for a warrant authorising Garda Siochana to search premises for the purpose of gathering evidence of a copyright infringement. It is an offence to resist the search.<\/p>\n<p>The copyright owner may apply to court to have infringing copies destroyed or forfeited. The court may make such order as it sees fit.<\/p>\n<p>An application may be made for a warrant authorising Garda Siochana to search premises for the purpose of gathering evidence of a copyright infringement for an offence is reasonably suspected to have taken place and there is evidence at that place.\u00a0 It is an offence to resist a search.<\/p>\n<p>The member of an Garda Siochana searching may seize any copies of any works, articles or devices in respect of which he or she has reasonable grounds for suspecting that an offence has been or is about to be committed;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>to make an inventory or prepare other evidence of infringement of copyright or potential infringement of copyright;<\/li>\n<li>to seize anything found there which he or she believes on reasonable grounds may be required to be used in evidence in any proceedings brought in respect of an offence under the Act;<br \/>\nto require any person found there to give his or her name and address.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!--nextpage--><\/p>\n<h2>COPYRIGHT ACT<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"43\">\n<li>\u2014(1) For the purposes of <em>section 37 <\/em>\u2014\n<ul>\n<li>an adaptation is made when it is recorded in writing or otherwise, and<\/li>\n<li>it shall be immaterial to the interpretation of this section whether the adaptation has been recorded in writing or otherwise at the time an act restricted by copyright is<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>(2) Without prejudice to the generality of <em><u>section 37<\/u> (1)(c)<\/em>, in this Part, \u201cadaptation\u201d in relation to\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(<em>a<\/em>) a literary or dramatic work, film, sound recording, broadcast, cable programme or typographical arrangement of a published edition, includes\u2014<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><sup>44<\/sup> Inserted by the Copyright and Related Rights (Amendment) Act 2007<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"188\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"418\">(i) a translation, arrangement or other alteration of the work,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"188\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"418\">(ii) a version of a dramatic work which is converted into a non-dramatic work or the conversion of a non- dramatic work into a dramatic work, and<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"188\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"418\">(iii) a version of a work in which the story or action is conveyed wholly or mainly by means of pictures in a form suitable for reproduction;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"188\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"418\">(<em>b<\/em>) a musical work, includes a translation, arrangement or other alteration or transcription of the work;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"188\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"418\">(<em>c<\/em>) an artistic work, includes a collage of the work with other works, an arrangement or other alteration of the work;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"188\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"418\">(<em>d<\/em>) a computer program, includes a translation, arrangement or other alteration of the computer program; or<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"188\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"418\">(<em>e<\/em>) an original database, includes a translation, arrangement or other alteration of the original database.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"188\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"418\">(3) In this section \u201ctranslation\u201d, in relation to a computer program, includes the making of a version of the computer program in which it is converted into or out of a computer language or code or into a different computer language or code.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"188\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"418\">Chapter 5<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Secondary Infringement of Copyright<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"188\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"418\"><strong>44.<\/strong>\u2014(1) In this Part \u201cinfringing copy\u201d, in relation to a copyright work, shall be construed in accordance with this section.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"188\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"418\">(2) A copy shall be an infringing copy\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"188\">\n<h4>Interpretation of infringing copy.<\/h4>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"418\">(<em>a<\/em>) where the making of it constitutes an infringement of the copyright in the work concerned, or<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"188\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"418\">(<em>b<\/em>) where it has been or is to be imported into the State, and its making in the State would have constituted an infringement of the copyright in the work concerned, or a breach of an exclusive licence agreement relating to that work.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"188\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"418\">(3) A copy of a work which has previously been issued to the public in accordance with <em><u>section 41<\/u> <\/em>in any Member State of the EEA by, or with the licence of,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"415\">the copyright owner shall not be deemed to be an infringing copy for the purposes of <em>subsection (2)<\/em>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"415\">(4) Where, in any proceedings for infringement of the copyright in a work, the issue arises whether a copy is an infringing copy and it is proved that\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"415\">(<em>a<\/em>) the copy is a copy of the work concerned, and<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"415\">(<em>b<\/em>) copyright subsists in that work or has subsisted at any time in that work,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"415\">it shall be presumed until the contrary is proved that the copy was made at a time when copyright subsisted in the work.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"415\"><strong>45.<\/strong>\u2014A person infringes the copyright in a work where he or she without the licence of the copyright owner\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"415\">(<em>a<\/em>) sells, rents or lends, or offers or exposes for sale, rental or loan,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\">\n<h4>Secondary infringement: dealing with infringing copy.<\/h4>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"415\">(<em>b<\/em>) imports into the State, otherwise than for his or her private and domestic use,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"415\">(<em>c<\/em>) in the course of a business, trade or profession, has in his or her possession, custody or control, or makes available to the public, or<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"415\">(<em>d<\/em>) otherwise than in the course of a business, trade or profession, makes available to the public to such an extent as to prejudice the interests of the owner of the copyright,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"415\">a copy of the work which is, and which he or she knows or has reason to believe is, an infringing copy of the work.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"415\"><strong>46.<\/strong>\u2014(1) A person infringes the copyright in a work where he or she, without the licence of the copyright owner\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"415\">(<em>a<\/em>) makes,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\">\n<h4>Secondary infringement: providing means for making infringing copies.<\/h4>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"415\">(<em>b<\/em>) sells, rents or lends, or offers or exposes for sale, rental or loan,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"415\">(<em>c<\/em>) imports into the State, or<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"415\">(<em>d<\/em>) has in his or her possession, custody or control,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"415\">an article specifically designed or adapted for making copies of that work, knowing or having reason to believe that it has been or is to be used to make infringing copies.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"425\">(2) A person infringes the copyright in a work where he or she, without the licence of the copyright owner, transmits the work by means of a telecommunications system (otherwise than by broadcasting or inclusion in a cable programme service) knowing or having reason to believe that infringing copies of the work may be made by means of the reception of the transmission in the State or elsewhere.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"425\"><strong>47.<\/strong>\u2014(1) Where the copyright in a work is infringed by a performance at a place of public entertainment, any person who gave permission for that place to be used for the performance shall also be liable for the infringement unless, when that person gave permission, he or she had reason to believe that the performance would not infringe copyright.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"425\">(2) In this section, \u201cplace of public entertainment\u201d includes premises which are occupied mainly for other purposes and which are from time to time made available for hire for the purpose of public entertainment.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\">\n<h4>Secondary infringement: permitting use of premises for infringing performances.<\/h4>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"425\"><strong>48.<\/strong>\u2014Where the copyright in a work is infringed by a public performance of the work, or by playing or showing the work in public, by means of apparatus for\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"425\">(<em>a<\/em>) playing sound recordings,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\">\n<h4>Secondary infringement: permitting use of apparatus for infringing performances.<\/h4>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"425\">(<em>b<\/em>) showing films, or<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"425\">(<em>c<\/em>) receiving sounds or images or any combination of sounds or images, or the representations thereof, conveyed by any means,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"425\">the following persons shall also be liable for the infringement:<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"425\">(i) a person who supplied the apparatus, or any substantial part thereof if, when he or she supplied the apparatus or part thereof\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"425\">(I) he or she knew or had reason to believe that the apparatus was likely to be used to infringe copyright, or<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"425\">(II) in the case of apparatus the normal use of which involves a public performance, playing or showing, he or she had reason to believe that it would be used to infringe copyright;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"425\">(ii) an owner or occupier of premises who gave permission for the apparatus to be brought onto the premises if, when the owner or occupier gave permission, he or she knew or had reason<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"417\">to believe that the apparatus was likely to be used to infringe copyright; and<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"194\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"417\">(iii) a person who supplied a copy of a sound recording or film used to infringe copyright if, when the person supplied it, he or she knew or had reason to believe that what was supplied, or a copy made directly or indirectly therefrom, was likely to be used to infringe copyright.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!--themify_builder_content-->\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-12999\" data-postid=\"12999\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-12999 themify_builder tf_clear\">\n    <\/div>\n<!--\/themify_builder_content-->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Distributing Infringing Works A person infringes the copyright in a work where he or she without the licence of the copyright owner\u2014 sells, rents or lends, or offers or exposes for sale, rental or loan, imports into the State, otherwise than for his or her private and domestic use, in the course of a business, 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