{"id":1415,"date":"2021-07-20T22:43:46","date_gmt":"2021-07-20T22:43:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/legalblog.ie\/?p=1415"},"modified":"2024-03-21T19:19:09","modified_gmt":"2024-03-21T19:19:09","slug":"dc-evidence-general","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/dc-evidence-general\/","title":{"rendered":"DC Evidence General"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_63 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/dc-evidence-general\/#Witnesses\" title=\"Witnesses\">Witnesses<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/dc-evidence-general\/#Testimony\" title=\"Testimony\">Testimony<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/dc-evidence-general\/#Oaths_and_Affirmations\" title=\"Oaths and Affirmations\">Oaths and Affirmations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/dc-evidence-general\/#Perjury\" title=\"Perjury\">Perjury<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/dc-evidence-general\/#Recordings\" title=\"Recordings\">Recordings<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/dc-evidence-general\/#Hearsay\" title=\"Hearsay\">Hearsay<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/dc-evidence-general\/#Conviction_or_Acquittal\" title=\"Conviction or Acquittal\">Conviction or Acquittal<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/dc-evidence-general\/2\/#CRIMINAL_LAW_ACT_1997\" title=\"CRIMINAL LAW ACT 1997\">CRIMINAL LAW ACT 1997<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/dc-evidence-general\/2\/#Extending_periods_of_remand_in_custody\" title=\"Extending periods of remand in custody.\">Extending periods of remand in custody.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/dc-evidence-general\/2\/#Jurisdiction_of_District_Court_and_place_of_remand\" title=\"Jurisdiction of District Court and place of remand.\">Jurisdiction of District Court and place of remand.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/dc-evidence-general\/2\/#Certificates_of_evidence_relating_to_certain_matters\" title=\"Certificates of evidence relating to certain matters.\">Certificates of evidence relating to certain matters.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Witnesses\"><\/span>Witnesses<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Generally, the prosecution of the defence decides which witnesses are to be called. Generally, it is not the judge&#8217;s role to call a witness. \u00a0A judge may call upon a witness in court to give evidence.\u00a0 He may recall a witness so that the fairness of the trial is ensured.<\/p>\n<p>An accused is entitled to put the prosecution to its proof.\u00a0 He need not admit the offence.<\/p>\n<p>The rules of evidence provide the circumstances in which the accused may or may be compelled to give evidence.\u00a0 Generally, there is no obligation on an accused to give evidence.\u00a0 No adverse inference may generally be taken from the failure of an accused to give evidence.\u00a0 This reflects the broad right to silence.<\/p>\n<p>A witness appearing as such in court may be compelled to answer questions. He is guilty of contempt of court if refused to do so.<\/p>\n<p>If a witness refuses to attend or fails to produce documents, the judge may adjourn proceedings for a period and may by warrant commit the person to prison until such hearing or until such time as he complies with the terms of the order.<\/p>\n<p>Although the prosecution has a general obligation to disclose evidence helpful to the defence, it is not obliged to summons witnesses which may be helpful to the defence, \u00a0if it chooses not to do so.\u00a0 The defence has no procedure to compel witnesses to answer questions or assist him with investigations. They may be summoned as a witness to court.\u00a0 See generally, the sections on the competence and compellability of witnesses.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Testimony\"><\/span>Testimony<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Evidence must generally be given verbally in open court, on oath or under affirmation. In the case of a summary trial, no formal record of the hearing or evidence is kept.\u00a0 Arrangements may be taken to take a note of evidence or a transcript.\u00a0 A person may generally \u00a0obtain a stenographer where the judge is satisfied that it is not inconsistent with the hearing of the proceedings.An oath involves the witness stating as follows:<\/p>\n<p>I swear by almighty God that the evidence I shall give shall be the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth.<\/p>\n<p>As an alternative, a person may make an affirmation. A witness, who has no religious belief or if giving evidence on oath is contrary to his conscience, may give up evidence by affirmation.<\/p>\n<p>The Criminals Justice Act 2006\u00a0 allows for witness anonymity in certain limited circumstances.\u00a0 An application must be made to the judge for an order.\u00a0 An order may be granted where the person has a medical condition and identification would be likely to cause undue distress and the order would not be prejudicial to the administration of justice.\u00a0 In such circumstances, it is an offence to breach anonymity .<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Oaths_and_Affirmations\"><\/span>Oaths and Affirmations<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The Evidence of witnesses in the District Court is given verbally on oath or on affirmation.\u00a0 An oath involves swearing, \u00a0that,\u00a0<em>&#8220;I swear by almighty God that the evidence I shall give shall be the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>An affirmation confirms <em>&#8220;I do solemnly, sincerely and truly declare and affirm that the evidence that I shall give shall be the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>In the case of an oath, the person taking the oath is to hold a New Testament or in the case of a person of Jewish faith, the Old Testament.<\/p>\n<p>The fact that a person who took the oath has no religious belief does not invalidate the oath.\u00a0 A person who has no religious belief may give evidence on affirmation.<\/p>\n<p>A person may take an oath in any manner, which he declares to be binding on his conscience.\u00a0 In this case, the court is to ascertain the basis of his objection to the standard oath, and provide for taking of the oath in an alternative form or affirmation.<\/p>\n<p>Evidence of a person under 14 years of age may be taken other than on oath or affirmation, provided the Court is satisfied that he has the capacity to give an intelligible account of the matters concerned. A person&#8217;s age may be proved by production of a certified copy of his birth certificate<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Perjury\"><\/span>Perjury<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Giving false evidence under oath or affirmation constitutes the crime of perjury.\u00a0 The person must know the materiality of the evidence and its falseness.<\/p>\n<p>The court may admit evidence of a recording or transcript of a recording of the questioning of a person in a Garda station or elsewhere in connection with the investigation of an offence, A statement made that is recorded may be admitted notwithstanding that it was not taken at the time or not signed.<\/p>\n<p>Giving evidence on oath which is known to be false or which the person does not believe to be true, whether true or false constitutes the offence of perjury at common law.\u00a0 Perjury may be tried summarily in the District Court.<\/p>\n<p>Subornation of perjury is procuring that another shall take an oath or affirmation that constitutes perjury and is punishable as if it is perjury.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Recordings\"><\/span>Recordings<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The Criminal Justice Act 2007 provides that a Court may admit in evidence at the trial of a person in respect of an offence, a recording by electronic or other similar means or a transcript of such a recording or both of the questioning of the person by a member of An Garda S\u00edoch\u00e1na at the Garda station or elsewhere in connection with the investigation of the offence.<\/p>\n<p>A statement made by the person concerned that is recorded in a recording which is admitted may be admissible in evidence at the trial concerned, notwithstanding that it was not taken down in writing at the time it was made or that the statement is not in writing and signed by the person who made it or both.<\/p>\n<p>This provision does not affect the admissibility of evidence at the trial of a person in respect of an offence, of any statement which is recorded in writing, made by the person during questioning, by a member of An Garda S\u00edoch\u00e1na, at a Garda station or elsewhere, in connection with the investigation of the offence (whether or not the statement is signed by the person) and irrespective of whether the making of that statement is recorded by electronic or similar means.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hearsay\"><\/span>Hearsay<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In criminal proceedings, a written statement signed, and duly declared to be subject to prosecution if false, may be admitted in evidence subject to certain conditions.\u00a0 The conditions are that a copy of the statement is served and none of the other parties or their representatives objects within 21 days.\u00a0 The party may always agree that evidence be admitted, and this is commonly done in respect of matters that are not seriously contested.<\/p>\n<p>Notwithstanding the service of notice of a statement, the party offering the evidence, or the judge may require the witness to attend.<\/p>\n<p>Admissions may be made for the purpose of waiving the requirement for proof as hearing.\u00a0 Admissions should be made in writing and signed by the person concerned.\u00a0 It may be signed by a legal representative.\u00a0 An admission may be admissible as such.<\/p>\n<p>Apart from this type of admission, \u00a0evidence may be given generally that a person has made a prejudicial admission against his interest on particular occasions and this may be tendered as evidence of the truth of the matter admitted.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conviction_or_Acquittal\"><\/span>Conviction or Acquittal<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In the case of many summary offences, the particular statute law in relation to the offence may apply. The statute may reverse the burden of proof or deem certain matters to be proved, if certain other facts are first proved.<\/p>\n<p>At the conclusion of the prosecution&#8217;s case, the defence may make a submission that there is no case to answer.\u00a0 This is in effect a submission that even if the evidence is uncontested, every element of the relevant offence has not been proved beyond a reasonable doubt. If the judge is sol satisfied, he may direct an acquittal and the defendant does not need to offer a defence in rebuttal or way of defence.<\/p>\n<p>As with any other criminal offence, a person may be convicted of a summary offence only if it is proved beyond a reasonable doubt. If sufficient evidence is raised against the accused which, if believed, would be sufficient to convict, \u00a0then the accused must in effect rebut it by offering evidence to the contrary.<\/p>\n<p>Generally, once acquitted or convicted, \u00a0a person may not be recharged with the same offence.\u00a0 This is the longstanding principle against double jeopardy. See the sections in relation to sentencing fines and punishments.<\/p>\n<p><!--nextpage--><\/p>\n<h2>CRIMINAL LAW ACT 1997<\/h2>\n<h4>Extending periods of remand in custody.<\/h4>\n<p>4.\u2014The Act of 1967 is hereby amended by the substitution of the following section for section 24 (amended by section 8 (2) of the Courts (No. 2) Act, 1986 ):<\/p>\n<p>\u201c24. (1) The Court shall not remand a person, on the occasion of that person&#8217;s first appearance before the Court charged with a particular offence, for a period exceeding eight days, except where this section otherwise provides.<\/p>\n<p>(2) The Court may remand a person on bail for a period that is longer than eight days if the person and the prosecutor consent.<\/p>\n<p>(3) The Court may remand a person in custody (other than on the occasion of that person&#8217;s first appearance before the Court charged with a particular offence) for a period not exceeding fifteen days, save that where the Court is of opinion that in all the circumstances it would be unreasonable to remand the person in custody for a period of fifteen days, the period of remand shall be such period of less than fifteen days as the Court considers appropriate.<\/p>\n<p>(4) The Court may remand a person in custody (other than on the occasion of that person&#8217;s first appearance before the Court charged with a particular offence), for a period exceeding fifteen days but not exceeding thirty days, if the person and the prosecutor consent.<\/p>\n<p>(5) (a) If the Court is satisfied that a person who has been remanded in custody is unable by reason of illness or accident to be brought before the Court at the expiration of the period of remand, the Court may, in that person&#8217;s absence, remand that person for such further period, which may exceed fifteen days, as the Court considers reasonable.<\/p>\n<p>(b) If the Court is satisfied that a person who has been remanded on bail is unable by reason of illness or accident to appear before the Court at the expiration of the period of remand, the Court may, in that person&#8217;s absence, remand that person for such further period, which may exceed eight days, as the Court considers reasonable.<\/p>\n<p>(6) (a) Where a person has been remanded in custody and there is no sitting of the Court on the day to which he has been remanded, that person shall stand so remanded to the sitting of the Court next held in the same District Court District.<\/p>\n<p>(b) Where a person has been remanded on bail and there is no sitting of the Court on the day to which he has been remanded, that person shall stand so remanded to the sitting of the Court next held in the same District Court Area.\u201d.<\/p>\n<h4>Jurisdiction of District Court and place of remand.<\/h4>\n<p>5.\u2014(1) Notwithstanding section 27 (3) of the Courts of Justice Act, 1953 , the court before which a person first appears charged with a particular offence or a judge of the District Court exercising jurisdiction under subsection (2) of section 79 of the Act of 1924 (inserted by section 41 of the Courts and Court Officers Act, 1995 ) may remand that person in custody to appear at a sitting of the District Court (\u201calternative court\u201d) in the District Court District in which the prison or place of detention where he or she is to be held in custody is situated or a District Court District adjoining the first-mentioned District Court District.<\/p>\n<p>(2) The alternative court may, from time to time, as occasion requires, further remand a person, referred to in subsection (1) of the said section 79, in custody or on bail, to that court or to another alternative court.<\/p>\n<p>(3) An alternative court shall, for the purposes of the conduct of a preliminary examination under the Act of 1967 in relation to a person, or, as the case may be, the trial of a person, remand the person to a sitting of the court in the District Court District\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) in which the offence to which the preliminary examination or trial relates was committed, or<\/p>\n<p>(b) in which the person resides or was arrested.<\/p>\n<p>(4) The said section 79 is hereby amended by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (3):<\/p>\n<p>\u201c(3) A judge of the District Court exercising jurisdiction under subsection (2) shall not have jurisdiction to\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) conduct a preliminary examination under the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Act, 1967 , or<\/p>\n<p>(b) try an accused for an offence, unless that jurisdiction is exercised in the District Court District\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(i) in which the offence was committed, or<\/p>\n<p>(ii) in which the accused resides or was arrested.\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>(5) Subsection (4) of the said section 79 shall not apply to an alternative court.<\/p>\n<p>(6) Section 2 of the Criminal Justice (Legal Aid) Act, 1962 , is hereby amended by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (1):<\/p>\n<p>\u201c(1) If it appears to the District Court before which a person is charged with an offence or an alternative court within the meaning of section 5 of the Criminal Justice (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1997 before which a person is appearing\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) that the means of the person before it are insufficient to enable him to obtain legal aid, and<\/p>\n<p>(b) that by reason of the gravity of the offence with which he is charged or of exceptional circumstances it is essential in the interests of justice that he should have legal aid in the preparation and conduct of his defence before it,<\/p>\n<p>the said District Court or the alternative court, as may be appropriate, shall, on application being made to it in that behalf, grant a certificate, in respect of him, for free legal aid (in this Act referred to as a legal aid (District Court) certificate) and thereupon he shall be entitled to such aid and to have a solicitor and (where he is charged with murder and the said District Court or the alternative court, as the case may be, thinks fit) counsel assigned to him for that purpose in such manner as may be prescribed by regulations under section 10 of this Act.\u201d.<\/p>\n<h4>Certificates of evidence relating to certain matters.<\/h4>\n<p>6.\u2014(1) Where a person, who has been arrested otherwise than under a warrant, first appears before the District Court charged with an offence, a certificate purporting to be signed by a member and stating that that member did, at a specified time and place, any one or more of the following namely\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) arrested that person for a specified offence,<\/p>\n<p>(b) charged that person with a specified offence, or<\/p>\n<p>(c) cautioned that person upon his or her being arrested for, or charged with, a specified offence,<\/p>\n<p>shall be admissible as evidence of the matters stated in the certificate.<\/p>\n<p>(2) In any criminal proceedings a certificate purporting to be signed by a member and stating that\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) that member did any one or more of the following namely\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(i) commenced duty, or replaced a specified member on duty, at a specified time at a place\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(I) where the offence to which such proceedings relate is alleged to have been committed,<\/p>\n<p>(II) adjacent to the place referred to in clause I of this subparagraph, or<\/p>\n<p>(III) containing evidence of the offence to which the proceedings relate,<\/p>\n<p>or<\/p>\n<p>(ii) remained on duty at a place referred to in subparagraph (i) until a specified time or until replaced at a specified time by a specified member,<\/p>\n<p>or<\/p>\n<p>(b) in relation to a place referred to in paragraph (a) no person entered upon that place during a specified period without the permission of that member and that no evidence at that place was disturbed while he or she was on duty at that place,<\/p>\n<p>shall be admissible as evidence of the matters stated in the certificate.<\/p>\n<p>(3) Where a person enters upon a place referred to in paragraph (a) of subsection (2) at a time when a member is on duty at that place, a certificate referred to in the said subsection shall state the name of that person and the purpose for which that person was permitted to enter upon that place.<\/p>\n<p>(4) In any criminal proceedings the court may, if it considers that the interests of justice so require, direct that oral evidence of the matters stated in a certificate under this section be given, and the court may for the purpose of receiving oral evidence adjourn the proceedings to a later date.<\/p>\n<p>(5) A certificate under this section shall be tendered in evidence by a member not below the rank of sergeant.<\/p>\n<p>(6) Upon the laying of a charge sheet and recognisance before the District Court, the court shall require the person (if any) present and to whom the charge sheet and recognisance relate, to identify himself or herself, and accordingly, on being so required, the person shall identify himself or herself, as the case may be, to the court.<\/p>\n<p>(7) The Minister for Justice may, by regulations, prescribe the form of a certificate under this section.<\/p>\n<!--themify_builder_content-->\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-1415\" data-postid=\"1415\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-1415 themify_builder tf_clear\">\n    <\/div>\n<!--\/themify_builder_content-->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Witnesses Generally, the prosecution of the defence decides which witnesses are to be called. Generally, it is not the judge&#8217;s role to call a witness. \u00a0A judge may call upon a witness in court to give evidence.\u00a0 He may recall a witness so that the fairness of the trial is ensured. An accused is entitled [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[180],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1415"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1415"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1415\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33652,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1415\/revisions\/33652"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1415"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1415"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1415"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}