{"id":20766,"date":"2022-11-25T23:08:52","date_gmt":"2022-11-25T23:08:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/?p=20766"},"modified":"2024-03-13T09:12:23","modified_gmt":"2024-03-13T09:12:23","slug":"family-home-protection-act","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/","title":{"rendered":"Family Home Protection Act"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_63 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/#Nature_of_Acts_Rights\" title=\"Nature of Act&#8217;s Rights\">Nature of Act&#8217;s Rights<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/#The_Family_Home\" title=\"The Family Home\">The Family Home<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/#DispositionTransfer_Consent\" title=\"Disposition\/Transfer Consent\">Disposition\/Transfer Consent<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/#Property_Practice\" title=\"Property Practice\">Property Practice<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/#Mortgage\" title=\"Mortgage\">Mortgage<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/#Informed_Free_Consent\" title=\"Informed &amp; Free Consent\">Informed &amp; Free Consent<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/#Consent_by_Court\" title=\"Consent by Court\">Consent by Court<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/#Restraining_Misbehaviour\" title=\"Restraining Misbehaviour\">Restraining Misbehaviour<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/#Landlords_Mortgagees\" title=\"Landlords &amp; Mortgagees\">Landlords &amp; Mortgagees<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#FAMILY_HOME_PROTECTION_ACT_1976\" title=\"FAMILY HOME PROTECTION ACT 1976\">FAMILY HOME PROTECTION ACT 1976<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Interpretation\" title=\"Interpretation.\">Interpretation.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Family_home\" title=\"Family home.\">Family home.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Alienation_of_interest_in_family_home\" title=\"Alienation of interest in family home.\">Alienation of interest in family home.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Consent_of_spouse\" title=\"Consent of spouse.\">Consent of spouse.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Conduct_leading_to_loss_of_family_home\" title=\"Conduct leading to loss of family home.\">Conduct leading to loss of family home.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Payment_of_outgoings_on_family_home\" title=\"Payment of outgoings on family home.\">Payment of outgoings on family home.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Adjournment_of_proceedings_by_mortgagee_or_lessor_for_possession_or_sale_of_family_home\" title=\"Adjournment of proceedings by mortgagee or lessor for possession or sale of family home.\">Adjournment of proceedings by mortgagee or lessor for possession or sale of family home.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Modification_of_terms_of_mortgage_or_lease_as_to_payment_of_capital_sum\" title=\"Modification of terms of mortgage or lease as to payment of capital sum.\">Modification of terms of mortgage or lease as to payment of capital sum.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Restriction_on_disposal_of_household_chattels\" title=\"Restriction on disposal of household chattels.\">Restriction on disposal of household chattels.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Jurisdiction\" title=\"Jurisdiction.\">Jurisdiction.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Joinder_of_parties\" title=\"Joinder of parties.\">Joinder of parties.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Registration_of_notice_of_existence_of_marriage\" title=\"Registration of notice of existence of marriage.\">Registration of notice of existence of marriage.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Restriction_of_section_592_of_Registration_of_Title_Act_1964\" title=\"Restriction of section 59(2) of Registration of Title Act, 1964.\">Restriction of section 59(2) of Registration of Title Act, 1964.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Creation_of_joint_tenancy_in_family_home_exemption_from_stamp_duty_and_fees\" title=\"Creation of joint tenancy in family home: exemption from stamp duty and fees.\">Creation of joint tenancy in family home: exemption from stamp duty and fees.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Offences\" title=\"Offences.\">Offences.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Short_title\" title=\"Short title.\">Short title.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#CIVIL_PARTNERSHIP_AND_CERTAIN_RIGHTS_AND_OBLIGATIONS_OF_COHABITANTS_ACT_2010\" title=\"CIVIL PARTNERSHIP AND CERTAIN RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF COHABITANTS ACT 2010\">CIVIL PARTNERSHIP AND CERTAIN RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF COHABITANTS ACT 2010<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Shared_Home_Protection\" title=\"Shared Home Protection\">Shared Home Protection<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Alienation_of_interest_in_shared_home\" title=\"Alienation of interest in shared home.\">Alienation of interest in shared home.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Consent_of_civil_partner\" title=\"Consent of civil partner.\">Consent of civil partner.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Conduct_leading_to_loss_of_shared_home\" title=\"Conduct leading to loss of shared home.\">Conduct leading to loss of shared home.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Payment_of_outgoings_on_shared_home\" title=\"Payment of outgoings on shared home.\">Payment of outgoings on shared home.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Adjournment_of_proceedings_by_mortgagee_or_lessor_for_possession_or_sale_of_shared_home\" title=\"Adjournment of proceedings by mortgagee or lessor for possession or sale of shared home.\">Adjournment of proceedings by mortgagee or lessor for possession or sale of shared home.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Modification_of_terms_of_mortgage_or_lease_as_to_payment_of_capital_sum-2\" title=\"Modification of terms of mortgage or lease as to payment of capital sum.\">Modification of terms of mortgage or lease as to payment of capital sum.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Restriction_on_disposal_of_household_chattels-2\" title=\"Restriction on disposal of household chattels.\">Restriction on disposal of household chattels.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Application_of_section_342_of_Civil_Partnership_and_Certain_Rights_and_Obligations_of_Cohabitants_Act_2010\" title=\"Application of section 34(2) of Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010\">Application of section 34(2) of Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Joinder_of_parties-2\" title=\"Joinder of parties.\">Joinder of parties.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Registration_of_notice_of_existence_of_civil_partnership\" title=\"Registration of notice of existence of civil partnership.\">Registration of notice of existence of civil partnership.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Restriction_of_section_592_of_Registration_of_Title_Act_1964-2\" title=\"Restriction of section 59(2) of Registration of Title Act 1964.\">Restriction of section 59(2) of Registration of Title Act 1964.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Creation_of_joint_tenancy_in_shared_home_exempt_from_fees\" title=\"Creation of joint tenancy in shared home exempt from fees.\">Creation of joint tenancy in shared home exempt from fees.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Offences-2\" title=\"Offences.\">Offences.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Protection_of_certain_tenancies\" title=\"Protection of certain tenancies.\">Protection of certain tenancies.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/family-home-protection-act\/2\/#Amendment_of_Civil_Legal_Aid_Act_1995\" title=\"Amendment of Civil Legal Aid Act 1995.\">Amendment of Civil Legal Aid Act 1995.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nature_of_Acts_Rights\"><\/span>Nature of Act&#8217;s Rights<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The Family Home Protection Act 1976 introduced protections for the non-owning spouse. Prior to the legislation, a non-owning spouse was thought at best to have a licence to stay in the family home on the basis of the husband\u2019s general obligation to maintain her.<\/p>\n<p>The property could be mortgaged or sold to a third party without the spouse\u2019s consent unless she had a beneficial or legal interest in the property. A husband could sell a property to a third party owner, who, even though he was aware that the property was a family home, could take the title and evict the spouse. The spouse\u2019s rights would not defeat the sale.<\/p>\n<p>The Family Home Protection Act does not give any ownership rights to the non-owning spouse. Rather, it gives the non-owning spouse the right to veto any transfer or so-called disposition of the property or a share in it to a third party. The spouse\u2019s prior written consent is required.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Family_Home\"><\/span>The Family Home<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The family home is the dwelling house in which the married couple ordinarily resides. If a spouse&#8217;s protection is in question and he\/she has left the other spouse, the family home includes the house in which this spouse ordinarily resided beforehand.<\/p>\n<p>A dwelling house includes a building or a part of the building occupied as a separate dwelling. It includes gardens and lawns usually occupied with the dwelling that are subsidiary or ancillary to it or otherwise required for the amenity and convenience of the dwelling. It includes a structure, whether or not permanently attached to the ground, and a vehicle, whether mobile or not, occupied as a separate dwelling.<\/p>\n<p>A family home may be part of a larger holding, such as a farm or an estate. It is doubtful, although the courts have taken different views, whether a disposition of the entire property comprising a family home and a \u201cnon-family home\u201d can be severed so that the non-family home element is valid. The non-family home element can of course be separately transferred or mortgaged.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DispositionTransfer_Consent\"><\/span>Disposition\/Transfer Consent<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A purported transfer of the family home without prior written consent is void. The proceedings to have a transfer deemed void must be taken within 6 years.<\/p>\n<p>The disposition of the family home includes the transfer, lease, mortgage or lease of all or any interest in the property.<\/p>\n<p>Where property is divided on judicial separation or divorce, the court shall order, unless there are good reasons otherwise, that the Family Home Protection Act shall no longer apply to the property or properties divided.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Property_Practice\"><\/span>Property Practice<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The Family Home Protection Act effectively requires purchasers of a property to investigate its matrimonial status. If the purchaser has made all proper and prudent enquiries, and has no reason to know or suspect that the property is a family home, then a transfer to that purchaser is valid notwithstanding the fact that the property may in fact be a family home and consent was not granted.<\/p>\n<p>Generally, a sworn declaration is required as to the marital status of each of the sellers and the status of the property for sale.<\/p>\n<p>The spouse\u2019s prior consent is required for the sale contract. Because sale contracts are not generally retained, consent is usually endorsed on both the sale contract and the transfer.<\/p>\n<p>Where the spouses are joint owners or tenants in common of a property and each sign the contract or deed in their capacity as owners, no separate consent is required. Where a contract is validly entered prior to marriage, consent is not required for its completion.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mortgage\"><\/span>Mortgage<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The mortgage of a property is the transfer, thereby requiring the consent of the non-owning spouse. A further advance of money, which increases the extent to which a family home property is mortgaged, requires the consent of both the owning and non-owning spouse.<\/p>\n<p>This may be significant, for example, where a bank advances money to one spouse on foot of a mortgage originally signed by both spouses as co-owners or where there is a single owner. Unless both spouses consent to each further advance, the incremental mortgage and reduction of equity are invalid.<\/p>\n<p>A significant limitation of the Family Home Protection Act is the fact that one spouse\u2019s debts may be the subject of a judgment mortgage. The judgment creditor may seek and would generally be entitled to an order for the sale of the property which may, in effect, deprive the non-owning spouse of the property.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Informed_Free_Consent\"><\/span>Informed &amp; Free Consent<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The spouse\u2019s consent must be fully and freely given. This issue is prospectively important in the context of a transaction in which the non-owning spouse has no financial interest. This is treated in a similar way to a guarantee\u00a0 and independent legal advice is generally required.<\/p>\n<p>For example, a non-owning spouse may consent to a mortgage of the family home for the other spouse\u2019s debt without appreciating the full significance and risks. The court may find undue influence or invalidity. The financial institution may be bound because it is deemed to have implied knowledge of the spouse\u2019s lack of knowledge.<\/p>\n<p>It is possible for a spouse to give a general consent in advance to future dispositions of the family home. This is commonly done in the case of a separation agreement. A general consent could be given for future advances under a mortgage. However, because of the risks, the consent must be fully informed.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Consent_by_Court\"><\/span>Consent by Court<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The spouse\u2019s consent can be dispensed with if he\/she unreasonably refuses or omits to give consent. The spouse\u2019s actions must be unreasonable in all circumstances, including needs and resources of the spouse\u2019s dependent children and alternative accommodation.<\/p>\n<p>The consent of a spouse who is of unsound mind, suffers from a mental disability or cannot be located may be dispensed with by the court. If the spouse has deserted and continues to desert, the applicant may apply for an order that the deserting spouse\u2019s consent be dispensed with. See separately in relation to the concept of desertion.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Restraining_Misbehaviour\"><\/span>Restraining Misbehaviour<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>An application may be made to the court on the basis of the other spouse being engaged in conduct which might lead to the loss of the family home or render it unsuitable or unfit for habitation with the intention of depriving the applicant spouse or dependent child of residence in the home. The court may make such orders as it sees fit, including compensation and even a transfer of ownership. The respondent spouse\u2019s actions must be deliberate. Carelessness and irresponsibility would not generally be sufficient.<\/p>\n<p>Where a spouse or child has been deprived of his residence or of an interest in the house, the spouse may apply to court for an order to pay compensation or such orders as the court considers just and equitable.<\/p>\n<p>Where matrimonial proceedings have been commenced, an application may be made for an order restraining the other spouse from removing household goods without the consent of the applicant. Breach of the order is a criminal offence.<\/p>\n<p>Household goods include furniture, clothing, household facts, domestic animals and consumables. It does not include business property.<\/p>\n<p>A spouse may be ordered to replace the items or pay money in lieu. The court may order the creation of a lien or other security.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Landlords_Mortgagees\"><\/span>Landlords &amp; Mortgagees<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Where payments such as rent, mortgage payments and other debts owed by one spouse are paid by the other spouse, they are deemed as having been paid by the first spouse. Therefore, a landlord or mortgagee must accept mortgage or rental payments from the other spouse.<\/p>\n<p>Where repossession proceedings are taken by the mortgagee or landlord of the family home, the court is empowered to adjourn proceedings where it is satisfied that the other spouse shall and is in a position to discharge the arrears and make future periodical payments. Before so doing, the court must have regard to the terms of the mortgage or lease.<\/p>\n<p>If such an order is made and the arrears are paid, there is deemed never to have been a breach. Therefore, for example, if all mortgage money falls due and there is a breach of mortgage allowing enforcement, the right may be removed if the non-owning spouse rectifies the position.<\/p>\n<p><!--nextpage--><\/p>\n<h2>FAMILY HOME PROTECTION ACT 1976<\/h2>\n<p>REVISED<\/p>\n<p>Updated to 1 January 2019<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Interpretation.<\/h4>\n<p>1.\u2014(1) In this Act, except where the context otherwise requires\u2014<\/p>\n<p>\u201cconduct\u201d includes an act and a default or other omission;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cconveyance\u201d includes a mortgage, lease, assent, transfer, disclaimer, release and any other disposition of property otherwise than by a will or a donatio mortis causa and also includes an enforceable agreement (whether conditional or unconditional) to make any such conveyance, and \u201cconvey\u201d shall be construed accordingly;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cthe court\u201d means the court having jurisdiction under section 10;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cdependent child of the family\u201d, in relation to a spouse or spouses, means any child\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) of both spouses, or adopted by both spouses under the Adoption Acts, 1952 to 1974, or in relation to whom both spouses are in loco parentis, or<\/p>\n<p>(b) of either spouse, or adopted by either spouse under the Adoption Acts, 1952 to 1974, or in relation to whom either spouse is in loco parentis, where the other spouse, being aware that he is not the parent of the child, has treated the child as a member of the family,<\/p>\n<p>who is under the age of sixteen years, or, if he has attained that age\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(i) is receiving full-time education or instruction at any university, college, school or other educational establishment and is under the age of twenty-one years, or<\/p>\n<p>(ii) is suffering from mental or physical disability to such extent that it is not reasonably possible for him to maintain himself fully;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cfamily home\u201d has the meaning assigned by section 2;<\/p>\n<p>\u201chousehold chattels\u201d has the meaning assigned by section 9 (7);<\/p>\n<p>\u201cinterest\u201d means any estate, right, title or other interest, legal or equitable;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cmortgage\u201d includes an equitable mortgage, a charge on registered land and a chattel mortgage, and cognate words shall be construed accordingly;<\/p>\n<p>\u201crent\u201d includes a conventional rent, a rentcharge within the meaning of section 2 (1) of the Statute of Limitations, 1957, and a terminable annuity payable in respect of a loan for the purchase of a family home.<\/p>\n<p>(2) References in this Act to any enactment shall be construed as references to that enactment as amended or extended by any subsequent enactment, including this Act.<\/p>\n<p>(3) (a) A reference in this Act to a section is a reference to a section of this Act, unless it is indicated that reference to some other enactment is intended.<\/p>\n<p>(b) A reference in this Act to a subsection is a reference to the subsection of the section in which the reference occurs unless it is indicated that reference to some other section is intended.<\/p>\n<h4>Family home.<\/h4>\n<p>2.\u2014(1) In this Act \u201cfamily home\u201d means, primarily, a dwelling in which a married couple ordinarily reside. The expression comprises, in addition, a dwelling in which a spouse whose protection is in issue ordinarily resides or, if that spouse has left the other spouse, ordinarily resided before so leaving.<\/p>\n<p>F1[(2) In subsection (1), \u2018dwelling\u2019 means any building or part of a building occupied as a separate dwelling and includes any garden or other land usually occupied with the dwelling, being land that is subsidiary and ancillary to it, is required for amenity or convenience and is not being used or developed primarily for commercial purposes, and includes a structure that is not permanently attached to the ground and a vehicle, or vessel, whether mobile or not, occupied as a separate dwelling.]<\/p>\n<p>Annotations<\/p>\n<p>Amendments:<\/p>\n<p>F1<br \/>\nSubstituted (1.08.1996) by Familiy Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 54(1)(a), S.I. No. 46 of 1996, subject to transitional provision in subs. (2).<\/p>\n<h4>Alienation of interest in family home.<\/h4>\n<p>3.\u2014(1) Where a spouse, without the prior consent in writing of the other spouse, purports to convey any interest in the family home to any person except the other spouse, then, subject to F2[subsections (2), (3) and (8)] and section 4, the purported conveyance shall be void.<\/p>\n<p>(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to a conveyance if it is made by a spouse in pursuance of an enforceable agreement made before the marriage of the spouses.<\/p>\n<p>(3) No conveyance shall be void by reason only of subsection (1)\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) if it is made to a purchaser for full value,<\/p>\n<p>(b) if it is made, by a person other than the spouse making the purported conveyance referred to in subsection (1), to a purchaser for value, or<\/p>\n<p>(c) if its validity depends on the validity of a conveyance in respect of which any of the conditions mentioned in subsection (2) or paragraph (a) or (b) is satisfied.<\/p>\n<p>(4) If any question arises in any proceedings as to whether a conveyance is valid by reason of subsection (2) or (3), the burden of proving that validity shall be on the person alleging it.<\/p>\n<p>(5) In subsection (3), \u201cfull value\u201d means such value as amounts or approximates to the value of that for which it is given.<\/p>\n<p>(6) In this section, \u201cpurchaser\u201d means a grantee, lessee, assignee, mortgagee, chargeant or other person who in good faith acquires an estate or interest in property.<\/p>\n<p>(7) For the purposes of this section, section 3 of the Conveyancing Act, 1882, shall be read as if the words \u201cas such\u201d wherever they appear in paragraph (ii) of subsection (1) of that section were omitted.<\/p>\n<p>F3[(8) (a) (i) Proceedings shall not be instituted to have a conveyance declared void by reason only of subsection (1) after the expiration of 6 years from the date of the conveyance.<\/p>\n<p>(ii) Subparagraph (i) does not apply to any such proceedings instituted by a spouse who has been in actual occupation of the land concerned from immediately before the expiration of 6 years from the date of the conveyance concerned until the institution of the proceedings.<\/p>\n<p>(iii) Subparagraph (i) is without prejudice to any right of the other spouse referred to in subsection (1) to seek redress for a contravention of that subsection otherwise than by proceedings referred to in that subparagraph.<\/p>\n<p>(b) A conveyance shall be deemed not to be and never to have been void by reason of subsection (1) unless\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(i) it has been declared void by a court by reason of subsection (1) in proceedings instituted\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(I) before the passing of the Family Law Act, 1995, or<\/p>\n<p>(II) on or after such passing and complying with paragraph (a),<\/p>\n<p>or<\/p>\n<p>(ii) subject to the rights of any other person concerned, it is void by reason of subsection (1) and the parties to the conveyance or their successors in title so state in writing before the expiration of 6 years from the date of the conveyance.<\/p>\n<p>(c) A copy of a statement made for the purpose of subparagraph (ii) of paragraph (b) and certified by, or by the successor or successors in title of, the party or parties concerned (\u2018the person or persons\u2019) to be a true copy shall, before the expiration of the period referred to in that subparagraph, as appropriate, be lodged by the person or persons in the Land Registry for registration pursuant to section 69 (1) of the Registration of Title Act, 1964, as if statements so made had been prescribed under paragraph (s) of the said section 69 (1) or be registered by them in the Registry of Deeds.<\/p>\n<p>(d) Rules of court shall provide that a person who institutes proceedings to have a conveyance declared void by reason of subsection (1) shall, as soon as may be, cause relevant particulars of the proceedings to be entered as a lis pendens under and in accordance with the Judgments (Ireland) Act, 1844.<\/p>\n<p>(9) If, whether before or after the passing of the Family Law Act, 1995, a spouse gives a general consent in writing to any future conveyance of any interest in a dwelling that is or was the family home of that spouse and the deed for any such conveyance is executed after the date of that consent, the consent shall be deemed, for the purposes of subsection (1), to be a prior consent in writing of the spouse to that conveyance.]<\/p>\n<p>Annotations<\/p>\n<p>Amendments:<\/p>\n<p>F2<br \/>\nSubstituted (1.08.1996) by Family Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 54(1)(b)(i), S.I. No. 46 of 1996.<\/p>\n<p>F3<br \/>\nInserted (1.08.1996) by Family Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 54(1)(b)(ii), S.I. No. 46 of 1996.<\/p>\n<p>Editorial Notes:<\/p>\n<p>E11<br \/>\nProspective affecting provisions: charging orders made under Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2009 (22\/2009), ss. 86(1), 98(6) and 99(3), and charges arising under such orders confirmed not conveyances for purposes of section by Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2009 (22\/2009), ss. 98(15) and 99(10), not commenced as of date of revision.<\/p>\n<p>E12<br \/>\nCharging orders made under Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2009 (22\/2009), ss. 86(1), 98(6) and 99(3), and charges arising under such orders, confirmed not conveyances for purposes of section (18.06.2018) by Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2009 (22\/2009), ss. 88(7), S.I. No. 206 of 2018.<\/p>\n<p>E13<br \/>\nCharging orders made under Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2014 (21\/2014), s. 26(1), and charges arising under such orders confirmed not conveyances for purposes of section (1.01.2016) by Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2014 (21\/2014), s. 26(12), S.I. No. 482 of 2015.<\/p>\n<p>E14<br \/>\nCharging orders made under Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2009 (22\/2009), ss. 46(1) and 74(1), and charges arising under such orders confirmed not conveyances for purposes of section (1.01.2010 and 1.01.2012) by Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2009 (22\/2009), ss. 46(13) and 74(13), S.I. Nos. 540 of 2009 and 680 of 2011.<\/p>\n<p>E15<br \/>\nCharging orders made under Nursing Homes Support Scheme Act 2009 (15\/2009), s. 17(2), and charges arising under such orders confirmed not conveyances for purposes of section (27.10.2009) by Nursing Homes Support Scheme Act 2009 (15\/2009), s. 17(9), S.I. No. 423 of 2009.<\/p>\n<p>E16<br \/>\nForm of application under subs. (8)(c) prescribed (1.05.2008) by Registration of Deeds Rules 2008 (S.I. No. 52 of 2008), rule 17 and Form 8, in effect as per rule 1.<\/p>\n<p>E17<br \/>\nOrders under Judicial Separation and Family Law Reform Act 1989 (6\/1989) vesting property in one spouse to be generally accompanied by an order restricting application of section (1.08.1996) in accordance with Family Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 54(3), S.I. No. 46 of 1996.<\/p>\n<p>E18<br \/>\nSpousal consent for purposes of subs. (1) confirmed not invalid by reason only of minority of spouse (23.06.1981) by Family Law Act 1981 (22\/1981), s. 10, commenced on enactment.<\/p>\n<p>E19<br \/>\nPrevious affecting provision: charging orders made under Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2002 (9\/2002), s. 9(3A)(a) and charges arising under such orders confirmed not conveyances for purposes of section by Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2002 (9\/2002), s. 9(3A)(k), as inserted (12.12.2004) by Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2004 (43\/2004), s. 1, commenced on enactment. S. 9 repealed (12.09.2018) by Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2009 (22\/2009), s. 7 and sch. 1 item 5, S.I. No. 350 of 2018, subject to saver in s. 96(7).<\/p>\n<p>E20<br \/>\nPrevious affecting provision: charging orders made under Planning and Development Act 2000 (30\/2000), s. 99(3A)(a) and charges arising under such orders confirmed not conveyances for purposes of section by Planning and Development Act 2000 (30\/2000), s. 99(3A)(k), as inserted (12.12.2004) by Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2004 (43\/2004), s. 2, commenced on enactment. S. 99 repealed (12.09.2018) by Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2009 (22\/2009), s. 7 and sch. 1 item 4, S.I. No. 350 of 2018, subject to saver in s. 96(6).<\/p>\n<h4>Consent of spouse.<\/h4>\n<p>4.\u2014(1) Where the spouse whose consent is required under section 3 (1) omits or refuses to consent, the court may, subject to the provisions of this section, dispense with the consent.<\/p>\n<p>(2) The court shall not dispense with the consent of a spouse unless the court considers that it is unreasonable for the spouse to withhold consent, taking into account all the circumstances, including\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) the respective needs and resources of the spouses and of the dependent children (if any) of the family, and<\/p>\n<p>(b) in a case where the spouse whose consent is required is offered alternative accommodation, the suitability of that accommodation having regard to the respective degrees of security of tenure in the family home and in the alternative accommodation.<\/p>\n<p>(3) Where the spouse whose consent is required under section 3 (1) has deserted and continues to desert the other spouse, the court shall dispense with the consent. For this purpose, desertion includes conduct on the part of the former spouse that results in the other spouse, with just cause, leaving and living separately and apart from him.<\/p>\n<p>(4) Where the spouse whose consent is required under section 3 (1) is incapable of consenting by reason of unsoundness of mind or other mental disability or has not after reasonable inquiries been found, the court may give the consent on behalf of that spouse, if it appears to the court to be reasonable to do so.<\/p>\n<p>Annotations<\/p>\n<p>Editorial Notes:<\/p>\n<p>E21<br \/>\nPower to make ancillary order under section on granting of decree of judicial separation prescribed (1.08.1996) by Family Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 10(1)(c), S.I. No. 46 of 1996.<\/p>\n<p>E22<br \/>\nPrevious affecting provision: power to make ancillary order under section on granting of decree of judicial separation prescribed (19.10.1989) by Judicial Separation and Family Law Reform Act 1989 (6\/1989), s. 16(d), commenced as per s. 46(2); repealed (1.08.1996) by Family Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 3(1) and sch., S.I. No. 46 of 1996, subject to transitional provision in subs. (2).<\/p>\n<h4>Conduct leading to loss of family home.<\/h4>\n<p>5.\u2014(1) Where it appears to the court, on the application of a spouse, that the other spouse is engaging in such conduct as may lead to the loss of any interest in the family home or may render it unsuitable for habitation as a family home with the intention of depriving the applicant spouse or a dependent child of the family of his residence in the family home, the court may make such order as it considers proper, directed to the other spouse or to any other person, for the protection of the family home in the interest of the applicant spouse or such child.<\/p>\n<p>(2) Where it appears to the court, on the application of a spouse, that the other spouse has deprived the applicant spouse or a dependent child of the family of his residence in the family home by conduct that resulted in the loss of any interest therein or rendered it unsuitable for habitation as a family home, the court may order the other spouse or any other person to pay to the applicant spouse such amount as the court considers proper to compensate the applicant spouse and any such child for their loss or make such other order directed to the other spouse or to any other person as may appear to the court to be just and equitable.<\/p>\n<p>Annotations<\/p>\n<p>Editorial Notes:<\/p>\n<p>E23<br \/>\nPower to make order under section in proceedings under Domestic Violence Act 2018 prescribed (1.01.2019) by Domestic Violence Act 2018 (6\/2018), s. 15(2)(c), S.I. No. 532 of 2018.<\/p>\n<p>E24<br \/>\nPower to make ancillary order under section on granting of decree of divorce prescribed (27.02.1997) by Family Law (Divorce) Act 1996 (33\/1996), s. 15(1)(c), commenced as per s. 1(2).<\/p>\n<p>E25<br \/>\nPower to make preliminary order under section where application for decree of divorce has been made prescribed (27.02.1997) by Family Law (Divorce) Act 1996 (33\/1996), s. 11(c), commenced as per s. 1(2).<\/p>\n<p>E26<br \/>\nPower to make ancillary order under section on granting of decree of judicial separation prescribed (1.08.1996) by Family Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 10(1)(c), S.I. No. 46 of 1996.<\/p>\n<p>E27<br \/>\nPower to make preliminary order under section where application for judicial separation has been made prescribed (1.08.1996) by Family Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 6(c), S.I. No. 46 of 1996.<\/p>\n<p>E28<br \/>\nPower to make order under section in conjunction with orders under Domestic Violence Act 1996 (1\/1996) prescribed (27.03.1996) by Domestic Violence Act 1996 (1\/1996), s. 9(1) and (2)(c), commenced as per s. 25(1).<\/p>\n<p>E29<br \/>\nPrevious affecting provision: power to make ancillary order under section on granting of decree of judicial separation prescribed (19.10.1989) by Judicial Separation and Family Law Reform Act 1989 (6\/1989), s. 16(d), commenced as per s. 46(2); repealed (1.08.1996) by Family Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 3(1) and sch., S.I. No. 46 of 1996, subject to transitional provision in subs. (2).<\/p>\n<p>E30<br \/>\nPrevious affecting provision: power to make preliminary order under section where application for judicial separation has been made prescribed (19.10.1989) by Judicial Separation and Family Law Reform Act 1989 (6\/1989), s. 11(c), commenced as per s. 46(2); repealed (1.08.1996) by Family Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 3(1) and sch., S.I. No. 46 of 1996, subject to transitional provision in subs. (2).<\/p>\n<h4>Payment of outgoings on family home.<\/h4>\n<p>6.\u2014(1) Any payment or tender made or any other thing done by one spouse in or towards satisfaction of any liability of the other spouse in respect of rent, rates, mortgage payments or other outgoings affecting the family home shall be as good as if made or done by the other spouse, and shall be treated by the person to whom such payment is made or such thing is done as though it were made or done by the other spouse.<\/p>\n<p>(2) Nothing in subsection (1) shall affect any claim by the first-mentioned spouse against the other to an interest in the family home by virtue of such payment or thing made or done by the first-mentioned spouse.<\/p>\n<h4>Adjournment of proceedings by mortgagee or lessor for possession or sale of family home.<\/h4>\n<p>7.\u2014(1) Where a mortgagee or lessor of the family home brings an action against a spouse in which he claims possession or sale of the home by virtue of the mortgage or lease in relation to the non-payment by that spouse of sums due thereunder, and it appears to the court\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) that the other spouse is capable of paying to the mortgagee or lessor the arrears (other than arrears of principal or interest or rent that do not constitute part of the periodical payments due under the mortgage or lease) of money due under the mortgage or lease within a reasonable time, and future periodical payments falling due under the mortgage or lease, and that the other spouse desires to pay such arrears and periodical payments; and<\/p>\n<p>(b) that it would in all the circumstances, having regard to the terms of the mortgage or lease, the interests of the mortgagee or lessor and the respective interests of the spouses, be just and equitable to do so,<\/p>\n<p>the court may adjourn the proceedings for such period and on such terms as appear to the court to be just and equitable.<\/p>\n<p>(2) In considering whether to adjourn the proceedings under this section and, if so, for what period and on what terms they should be adjourned, the court shall have regard in particular to whether the spouse of the mortgagor or lessee has been informed (by or on behalf of the mortgagee or lessor or otherwise) of the non-payment of the sums in question or of any of them.<\/p>\n<p>Annotations<\/p>\n<p>Editorial Notes:<\/p>\n<p>E31<br \/>\nPower to make ancillary order under section on granting of decree of divorce prescribed (27.02.1997) by Family Law (Divorce) Act 1996 (33\/1996), s. 15(1)(c), commenced as per s. 1(2).<\/p>\n<p>E32<br \/>\nPower to make ancillary order under section on granting of decree of judicial separation prescribed (1.08.1996) by Family Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 10(1)(c), S.I. No. 46 of 1996.<\/p>\n<h4>Modification of terms of mortgage or lease as to payment of capital sum.<\/h4>\n<p>8.\u2014(1) Where, on an application by a spouse, after proceedings have been adjourned under section 7, it appears to the court that\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) all arrears (other than arrears of principal or interest or rent that do not constitute part of the periodical payments due under the mortgage or lease) of money due under the mortgage or lease, and<\/p>\n<p>(b) all the periodical payments due to date under the mortgage or lease,<\/p>\n<p>have been paid off and that the periodical payments subsequently falling due will continue to be paid, the court may by order declare accordingly.<\/p>\n<p>(2) If the court makes an order under subsection (1), any term in a mortgage or lease whereby the default in payment that gave rise to the proceedings under section 7 has, at any time before or after the initial hearing of such proceedings, resulted or would have resulted in the capital sum advanced thereunder (or part of such sum or interest thereon) or any sum other than the periodical payments, as the case may be, becoming due, shall be of no effect for the purpose of such proceedings or any subsequent proceedings in respect of the sum so becoming due.<\/p>\n<h4>Restriction on disposal of household chattels.<\/h4>\n<p>9.\u2014(1) Where it appears to the court, on the application of a spouse, that there are reasonable grounds for believing that the other spouse intends to sell, lease, pledge, charge or otherwise dispose of or to remove such a number or proportion of the household chattels in a family home as would be likely to make it difficult for the applicant spouse or a dependent child of the family to reside in the family home without undue hardship, the court may by order prohibit, on such terms as it may see fit, the other spouse from making such intended disposition or removal.<\/p>\n<p>(2) Where matrimonial proceedings have been instituted by either spouse, neither spouse shall sell, lease, pledge, charge or otherwise dispose of or remove any of the household chattels in the family home until the proceedings have been finally determined, unless\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) the other spouse has consented to such sale, lease, pledge, charge or other disposition or removal, or<\/p>\n<p>(b) the court before which the proceedings have been instituted, on application to it by the spouse who desires to make such disposition or removal, permits that spouse to do so, which permission may be granted on such terms as the court may see fit.<\/p>\n<p>(3) In subsection (2) \u201cmatrimonial proceedings\u201d includes proceedings under section 12 of the Married Women\u2019s Status Act, 1957, under the Guardianship of Infants Act, 1964, or under section 21 F4[\u2026] of the Family Law (Maintenance of Spouses and Children) Act, 1976.<\/p>\n<p>(4) A spouse who contravenes the provisions of subsection (2) shall, without prejudice to any other liability, civil or criminal, be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding \u00a3100 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or to both.<\/p>\n<p>(5) Where it appears to the court, on application to it by either spouse, that the other spouse\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) has contravened an order under subsection (1) or the provisions of subsection (2), or<\/p>\n<p>(b) has sold, leased, pledged, charged or otherwise disposed of or removed such a number or proportion of the household chattels in the family home as has made or is likely to make it difficult for the applicant spouse or a dependent child of the family to reside in the family home without undue hardship,<\/p>\n<p>the court may order that other spouse to provide household chattels for the applicant spouse, or a sum of money in lieu thereof, so as to place the applicant spouse or the dependent child of the family as nearly as possible in the position that prevailed before such contravention, disposition or removal.<\/p>\n<p>(6) Where a third person, before a sale, lease, pledge, charge or other disposition of any household chattel to him by a spouse, is informed in writing by the other spouse that he intends to take proceedings in respect of such disposition or intended disposition, the court in proceedings under this section may make such order, directed to the former spouse or the third person, in respect of such chattel as appears to it to be proper in the circumstances.<\/p>\n<p>(7) For the purposes of this section \u201chousehold chattels\u201d means furniture, bedding, linen, china, earthenware, glass, books and other chattels of ordinary household use or ornament and also consumable stores, garden effects and domestic animals, but does not include any chattels used by either spouse for business or professional purposes or money or security for money.<\/p>\n<p>Annotations<\/p>\n<p>Amendments:<\/p>\n<p>F4<br \/>\nDeleted (23.07.1981) by Family Law (Protection of Spouses and Children) Act 1981 (21\/1981), s. 17(1), commenced as per s. 18.<\/p>\n<p>Editorial Notes:<\/p>\n<p>E33<br \/>\nPower to make order under section in proceedings under Domestic Violence Act 2018 prescribed (1.01.2019) by Domestic Violence Act 2018 (6\/2018), s. 15(2)(c), S.I. No. 532 of 2018.<\/p>\n<p>E34<br \/>\nPower to make ancillary order under section on granting of decree of divorce prescribed (27.02.1997) by Family Law (Divorce) Act 1996 (33\/1996), s. 15(1)(c), commenced as per s. 1(2).<\/p>\n<p>E35<br \/>\nPower to make preliminary order under section where application for decree of divorce has been made prescribed (27.02.1997) by Family Law (Divorce) Act 1996 (33\/1996), s. 11(c), commenced as per s. 1(2).<\/p>\n<p>E36<br \/>\nPower to make ancillary order under section on granting of decree of judicial separation prescribed (1.08.1996) by Family Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 10(1)(c), S.I. No. 46 of 1996.<\/p>\n<p>E37<br \/>\nPower to make preliminary order under section where application for judicial separation has been made prescribed (1.08.1996) by Family Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 6(c), S.I. No. 46 of 1996.<\/p>\n<p>E38<br \/>\nPower to make order under section in conjunction with orders under Domestic Violence Act 1996 (1\/1996) prescribed (27.03.1996) by Domestic Violence Act 1996 (1\/1996), s. 9(1) and (2)(c), commenced as per s. 25(1).<\/p>\n<p>E39<br \/>\nApplication of subs. (2) extended to apply between the making of an application for a barring order and its determination (27.03.1996) by Domestic Violence Act 1996 (1\/1996), s. 8, commenced as per s. 25(1).<\/p>\n<p>E40<br \/>\nSpousal consent for purposes of subs. (2) confirmed not invalid by reason only of minority of spouse (23.06.1981) by Family Law Act 1981 (22\/1981), s. 10, commenced on enactment.<\/p>\n<p>E41<br \/>\nPrevious affecting provision: power to make ancillary order under section on granting of decree of judicial separation prescribed (19.10.1989) by Judicial Separation and Family Law Reform Act 1989 (6\/1989), s. 16(d), commenced as per s. 46(2); repealed (1.08.1996) by Family Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 3(1) and sch., S.I. No. 46 of 1996, subject to transitional provision in subs. (2).<\/p>\n<p>E42<br \/>\nPrevious affecting provision: power to make preliminary order under section where application for judicial separation has been made prescribed (19.10.1989) by Judicial Separation and Family Law Reform Act 1989 (6\/1989), s. 11(d), commenced as per s. 46(2); repealed (1.08.1996) by Family Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 3(1) and sch., S.I. No. 46 of 1996, subject to transitional provision in subs. (2).<\/p>\n<p>E43<br \/>\nPrevious affecting provision: application of subs. (2) extended to apply between the making of an application for a barring order and its determination (23.07.1981) by Family Law (Protection of Spouses and Children) Act 1981 (21\/1981), s. 9, commenced as per s. 18; repealed (27.03.1996) by Domestic Violence Act 1996 (1\/1996), s. 23(1), commenced as per s. 25(1), subject to transitional provisions in s. 23(2)-(4).<\/p>\n<h4>Jurisdiction.<\/h4>\n<p>10.\u2014(1) The jurisdiction conferred on a court by this Act may be exercised by the High Court.<\/p>\n<p>(2) Subject to subsections (3) and (4), the Circuit Court shall concurrently with the High Court have all the jurisdiction of the High Court to hear and determine proceedings under this Act.<\/p>\n<p>(3) Where either spouse is a person of unsound mind and there is a committee of the spouse\u2019s estate, the jurisdiction conferred by this Act may, subject to subsection (4), be exercised by the court that has appointed the committee.<\/p>\n<p>F5[(4) Where the F6[market value] of the land to which the proceedings relate exceeds F6[\u20ac3,000,000] and the proceedings are brought in the Circuit Court, that Court shall, if a defendant so requires before the hearing thereof, transfer the proceedings to the High Court, but any order made or act done in the course of such proceedings before such transfer shall be valid unless discharged or varied by order of the High Court.]<\/p>\n<p>F7[(5) (a) F8[\u2026]<\/p>\n<p>(b) The District Court shall, subject to subsection (3), have jurisdiction to deal with a question arising under section 9 where the value of the household chattels intended to be disposed of or removed or actually disposed of or removed, as the case may be, does not exceed F9[\u20ac15,000] F8[\u2026].<\/p>\n<p>(c) F8[\u2026]]<\/p>\n<p>(6) Proceedings under or referred to in this Act in which each spouse is a party (whether by joinder or otherwise) shall be conducted in a summary manner and shall be heard otherwise than in public.<\/p>\n<p>(7) Proceedings in the High Court and in the Circuit Court under or referred to in this Act in which each spouse is a party (whether by joinder or otherwise) shall be heard in chambers.<\/p>\n<p>F10[(8) In this section \u2018market value\u2019 means, in relation to land, the price that would have been obtained in respect of the unencumbranced fee simple were the land to have been sold on the open market, in the year immediately preceding the bringing of the proceedings concerned, in such manner and subject to such conditions as might reasonably be calculated to have resulted in the vendor obtaining the best price for the land.]<\/p>\n<p>Annotations<\/p>\n<p>Amendments:<\/p>\n<p>F5<br \/>\nSubstituted (12.05.1982) by Courts Act 1981 (11\/1981), s. 13, commenced as per s. 33(3).<\/p>\n<p>F6<br \/>\nSubstituted (11.01.2017) by Civil Liability and Courts Act 2004 (31\/2004), s. 48(a)(i), (ii), S.I. No. 2 of 2017.<\/p>\n<p>F7<br \/>\nSubstituted (1.08.1996) by Family Law Act 1995 (26\/1995), s. 54(1)(c), S.I. No. 46 of 1996.<\/p>\n<p>F8<br \/>\nDeleted (11.01.2017) by Civil Liability and Courts Act 2004 (31\/2004), s. 48(b), S.I. No. 2 of 2017.<\/p>\n<p>F9<br \/>\nSubstituted (3.02.2014) by Courts and Civil Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2013 (32\/2013), s. 15(a) and sch. part 2 item 3, S.I. No. 566 of 2013.<\/p>\n<p>F10<br \/>\nInserted (11.01.2017) by Civil Liability and Courts Act 2004 (31\/2004), s. 48(c), S.I. No. 2 of 2017.<\/p>\n<p>Modifications (not altering text):<\/p>\n<p>C1<br \/>\nApplication of section restricted (1.01.2019) by Domestic Violence Act 2018 (6\/2018), s. 13(2), S.I. No. 532 of 2018.<\/p>\n<p>Application of section 9(2) of Family Home Protection Act 1976<\/p>\n<p>13. (1) Where an application for a barring order or a safety order is made against the spouse of the applicant, subsection (2) of section 9 of the Act of 1976 shall apply\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) between the making of the application for the order and the determination of that application, and<\/p>\n<p>(b) if that order is made, while that order is in force, as it applies between the institution and final determination of matrimonial proceedings to which that section relates.<\/p>\n<p>(2) The court which is empowered under subsection (2)(b) of section 9 of the Act of 1976 to grant permission for a disposition or removal of household chattels within the meaning of that section is, notwithstanding anything in section 10 of that Act, the court before which the proceedings, including proceedings for a barring order or a safety order, have been instituted.<\/p>\n<p>C2<br \/>\nApplication of section affected (31.03.2005) by Civil Liability and Courts Act 2004 (31\/2004), ss. 39 and 40, S.I. No. 544 of 2004, as amended (1.08.2008) by Civil Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2008 (14\/2008), s. 31, S.I. No. 274 of 2008; and as amended (11.01.2014) by Courts and Civil Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2013 (32\/2013), ss. 2(2), 4 and 5, S.I. Nos. 5 of 2014 and 334 of 2014.<\/p>\n<p>Definitions.<\/p>\n<p>39.\u2014In this Chapter\u2014 &#8230;<\/p>\n<p>[\u2018relevant enactment\u2019 means any of the following provisions: &#8230;<\/p>\n<p>(d) section 10 of the Act of 1976;<\/p>\n<p>&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p>Proceedings heard otherwise than in public.<\/p>\n<p>40.\u2014 &#8230;<\/p>\n<p>(3) Nothing contained in a relevant enactment shall operate to prohibit\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) the preparation by a barrister at law or a solicitor or a person falling within any other class of persons specified in regulations made by the Minister and publication of a report of proceedings to which the relevant enactment relates, or<\/p>\n<p>(b) the publication of the decision of the court in such proceedings,<\/p>\n<p>in accordance with rules of court, provided that the report or decision does not contain any information which would enable the parties to the proceedings or any child to which the proceedings relate to be identified and, accordingly, unless in the special circumstances of the matter the court, for reasons which shall be specified in the direction, otherwise directs, a person referred to in paragraph (a) may, for the purposes of preparing [such a report\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(i) attend the proceedings, and<\/p>\n<p>(ii) have access to any relevant documents,<\/p>\n<p>subject to any directions the court may give in that behalf.]<\/p>\n<p>[(3A) (a) Subject to paragraph (b), nothing contained in a relevant enactment shall operate to prohibit bona fide representatives of the Press from attending proceedings to which the relevant enactment relates.<\/p>\n<p>(b) Subject to paragraphs (c) and (d), where, in proceedings under a relevant enactment, a court is satisfied that it is necessary to do so\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(i) in order to preserve the anonymity of a party to the proceedings or any child to whom the proceedings relate,<\/p>\n<p>(ii) by reason of the nature or circumstances of the case, or<\/p>\n<p>(iii) as it is otherwise necessary in the interests of justice,<\/p>\n<p>the court may, on its own motion, or on application to it by a party to the proceedings or by a person on behalf of a child to whom the proceedings relate, by order\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(I) exclude, or otherwise restrict the attendance of, bona fide representatives of the Press from the court during the hearing or particular parts of it, or<\/p>\n<p>(II) prohibit or restrict the publication or broadcasting of any evidence given or referred to during the proceedings or any part of such evidence,<\/p>\n<p>and any such order may, with regard to any restriction, contain such conditions as the court considers appropriate.<\/p>\n<p>(c) In determining whether or not to make an order under paragraph (b), a court shall have regard to the desirability of promoting public confidence in the administration of justice and to any other matter that appears to it to be relevant and shall, in particular, have regard to the following:<\/p>\n<p>(i) the best interests of a child to whom the proceedings relate;<\/p>\n<p>(ii) the views, if any, of\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(I) a party to the proceedings, and<\/p>\n<p>(II) a child to whom the proceedings relate who is, in the opinion of the court, capable of forming his or her own views;<\/p>\n<p>(iii) whether information given or likely to be given in evidence is sensitive personal information;<\/p>\n<p>(iv) the extent to which the attendance of bona fide representatives of the Press might inhibit or cause undue distress to a party to the proceedings or a child to whom the proceedings relate by reason of the emotional condition or any medical condition, physical impairment or intellectual disability of the party or the child concerned;<\/p>\n<p>(v) the need to protect a party to the proceedings or a child to whom the proceedings relate against coercion, intimidation or harassment;<\/p>\n<p>(vi) whether information given or likely to be given in evidence might be prejudicial to a criminal investigation or criminal proceedings;<\/p>\n<p>(vii) whether information given or likely to be given in evidence is commercially sensitive information; and<\/p>\n<p>(viii) whether information of the type referred to in subparagraphs (iii), (vi) and (vii) when taken together with other information would, if published or broadcast, be likely to lead members of the public to identify a party to the proceedings or a child to whom the proceedings relate.<\/p>\n<p>(d) In considering the views of a child referred to in clause (II) of paragraph (c)(ii), a court shall take account of the age and level of maturity of the child concerned.<\/p>\n<p>(e) Where evidence in proceedings to which a relevant enactment relates concerns a matter referred to in subparagraph (vi) of paragraph (c), an application under paragraph (b) may be made by or on behalf of the Director of Public Prosecutions.<\/p>\n<p>(f) In this subsection\u2014<\/p>\n<p>\u2018commercially sensitive information\u2019 means\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(i) financial, commercial, scientific, technical or other information the disclosure of which could reasonably be expected to result in a material financial loss or gain to the person to whom it relates, or could prejudice the competitive position of that person in the conduct of his or her business or otherwise in his or her occupation, or<\/p>\n<p>(ii) information the disclosure of which could prejudice the conduct or outcome of contractual or other negotiations of the person to whom it relates;<\/p>\n<p>\u2018party to the proceedings\u2019 includes a witness in the proceedings;<\/p>\n<p>\u2018sensitive personal information\u2019 means information about a person that would, in the ordinary course of events, be known only to the person or members of the family, or friends, of the person, and includes but is not limited to\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(i) information relating to the medical, psychiatric or psychological history of the person,<\/p>\n<p>(ii) information relating to the tax affairs of the person,<\/p>\n<p>(iii) information relating to the sexual conduct or sexual orientation of the person.]<\/p>\n<p>(4) Nothing contained in a relevant enactment shall operate to prohibit a party to proceedings to which the enactment relates from supplying copies of, or extracts from, orders made in the proceedings to such persons and in accordance with such conditions (if any) as may be prescribed by order of the Minister.<\/p>\n<p>(5) Nothing contained in a relevant enactment shall operate to prohibit a party to proceedings to which the enactment relates from being accompanied, in such proceedings, in court by another person subject to the approval of the court and any directions it may give in that behalf.<\/p>\n<p>(6) Nothing contained in an enactment that prohibits proceedings to which the enactment relates from being heard in public shall operate to prohibit the production of a document prepared for the purposes or in contemplation of such proceedings or given in evidence in such proceedings, to\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) a body or other person when it, or he or she, is performing functions under any enactment consisting of the conducting of a hearing, inquiry or investigation in relation to, or adjudicating on, any matter, or<\/p>\n<p>(b) such body or other person as may be prescribed by order made by the Minister, when the body or person concerned is performing functions consisting of the conducting of a hearing, inquiry or investigation in relation to, or adjudicating on, any matter as may be so prescribed.<\/p>\n<p>(7) Nothing contained in an enactment that prohibits proceedings to which the enactment relates from being heard in public shall operate to prohibit the giving of information or evidence given in such proceedings to\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) a body or other person when it, or he or she, is performing functions under any enactment consisting of the conducting of a hearing, inquiry or investigation in relation to, or adjudicating on, any matter, or<\/p>\n<p>(b) such body or other person as may be prescribed by order made by the Minister, when the body or person concerned is performing functions consisting of the conducting of a hearing, inquiry or investigation in relation to, or adjudicating on, any matter as may be so prescribed.<\/p>\n<p>(8) A court hearing proceedings under a relevant enactment shall, on its own motion or on the application of one of the parties to the proceedings, have discretion to order disclosure of documents, information or evidence connected with or arising in the course of the proceedings to third parties if such disclosure is required to protect the legitimate interests of a party or other person affected by the proceedings.<\/p>\n<p>(9) A hearing, inquiry or investigation referred to in subsection (6) or (7) shall, in so far as it relates to a document referred to in subsection (6) or information or evidence referred to in subsection (7), be conducted otherwise than in public and no such document, information or evidence shall be published.<\/p>\n<p>(10) This section shall apply to proceedings brought, and decisions of a court made, whether before or after the commencement of this section.<\/p>\n<p>[(11) In subsection (3), \u2018relevant documents\u2019, in relation to any proceedings referred to in that subsection\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) subject to paragraph (b), means\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(i) the petition, summons or other originating document in the proceedings,<\/p>\n<p>(ii) pleadings and other documents (including the terms of settlement, if any) produced to or lodged with the court, or included in the book of pleadings, in the course of the proceedings, and<\/p>\n<p>(iii) any order made by the court in the proceedings,<\/p>\n<p>(b) does not include any document the contents of which are expressed to be without prejudice or in terms having a like effect.]<\/p>\n<p>C3<br \/>\nApplication of section restricted (27.03.1996) by Domestic Violence Act 1996 (1\/1996), s. 8(2), commenced as per s. 25(1).<\/p>\n<p>Application of section 9(2) of Family Home Protection Act, 1976, to certain orders.<\/p>\n<p>8.\u2014(1) &#8230;<\/p>\n<p>(2) For the avoidance of doubt, it is hereby declared that the court which is empowered under subsection (2) (b) of section 9 of the Family Home Protection Act, 1976, to grant permission for any disposition or removal of household chattels (being household chattels within the meaning of that section) is, notwithstanding anything in section 10 of that Act, the court before which the proceedings (including any proceedings for a barring order or a safety order) have been instituted.<\/p>\n<p>Editorial Notes:<\/p>\n<p>E44<br \/>\nPrevious affecting provision: subs. 10(5)(b) amended by Courts and Court Officers Act 2002 (15\/2002), s. 14 and sch. 2 part 2, not commenced; amending provision repealed (3.02.2014) by Courts and Civil Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2013 (32\/2013), s. 2(1), S.I. No. 566 of 2013.<\/p>\n<p>E45<br \/>\nPrevious affecting provision: subs. (5) amended (15.08.1991) by Courts Act 1991 (20\/1991), s. 8, commenced as per s. 23(3); substituted as per F-note above.<\/p>\n<p>E46<br \/>\nPrevious affecting provision: subs. (5) amended (12.05.1982) by Courts Act 1981 (11\/1981), s. 13(b), commenced as per s. 33(3); superseded as per E-note above.<\/p>\n<p>E47<br \/>\nPrevious affecting provision: application of section restricted (23.07.1981) by Family Law (Protection of Spouses and Children) Act 1981 (21\/1981), s. 9(2), commenced as per s. 18; repealed (27.03.1996) by Domestic Violence Act 1996 (1\/1996), s. 23(1), commenced as per s. 25(1), subject to transitional provisions in subss. (2)-(4).<\/p>\n<h4>Joinder of parties.<\/h4>\n<p>11.\u2014In any proceedings under or referred to in this Act each of the spouses as well as any third person who has or may have an interest in the proceedings may be joined\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) by service upon him of a third-party notice by an existing party to the proceedings, or<\/p>\n<p>(b) by direction of the court.<\/p>\n<h4>Registration of notice of existence of marriage.<\/h4>\n<p>12.\u2014(1) A spouse may register in the Registry of Deeds pursuant to the Registration of Deeds Act, 1707 (in the case of unregistered property) or under the Registration of Title Act, 1964 (in the case of registered land) a notice stating that he is married to any person, being a person having an interest in such property or land.<\/p>\n<p>(2) The fact that notice of a marriage has not been registered under subsection (1) shall not give rise to any inference as to the non-existence of a marriage.<\/p>\n<p>(3) No stamp duty, Registry of Deeds fee or land registration fee shall be payable in respect of any such notice.<\/p>\n<p>Annotations<\/p>\n<p>Editorial Notes:<\/p>\n<p>E48<br \/>\nForm of application under section prescribed (1.05.2008) by Registration of Deeds Rules 2008 (S.I. No. 52 of 2008), rule 16 and Form 5, in effect as per rule 1.<\/p>\n<h4>Restriction of section 59(2) of Registration of Title Act, 1964.<\/h4>\n<p>13.\u2014Section 59 (2) of the Registration of Title Act, 1964 (which refers to noting upon the register provisions of any enactment restricting dealings in land) shall not apply to the provisions of this Act.<\/p>\n<h4>Creation of joint tenancy in family home: exemption from stamp duty and fees.<\/h4>\n<p>14.\u2014No F11[\u2026] land registration fee, Registry of Deeds fee or court fee shall be payable on any transaction creating a joint tenancy between spouses in respect of a family home where the home was immediately prior to such transaction owned by either spouse or by both spouses otherwise than as joint tenants.<\/p>\n<p>Annotations<\/p>\n<p>Amendments:<\/p>\n<p>F11<br \/>\nDeleted (27.03.1998) by Finance Act 1998 (3\/1998), s. 125 and sch. 8, commenced on enactment.<\/p>\n<h4>Offences.<\/h4>\n<p>15.\u2014Where any person having an interest in any premises, on being required in writing by or on behalf of any other person proposing to acquire that interest to give any information necessary to establish if the conveyance of that interest requires a consent under section 3 (1), knowingly gives information which is false or misleading in any material particular, he shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding \u00a3200 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding twelve months or to both, or<\/p>\n<p>(b) on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years,<\/p>\n<p>without prejudice to any other liability, civil or criminal.<\/p>\n<h4>Short title.<\/h4>\n<p>16.\u2014This Act may be cited as the Family Home Protection Act, 1976.<\/p>\n<h2>CIVIL PARTNERSHIP AND CERTAIN RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF COHABITANTS ACT 2010<\/h2>\n<p>PART 4<\/p>\n<h4>Shared Home Protection<\/h4>\n<p>Interpretation.<\/p>\n<p>27.\u2014 In this Part\u2014<\/p>\n<p>\u201cconduct\u201d includes an act and a default or other omission;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cconveyance\u201d includes a mortgage, lease, assent, transfer, disclaimer, release, another disposition of property otherwise than by a will or a donatio mortis causa, and an enforceable agreement, whether conditional or unconditional, to make one of those conveyances;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cdwelling\u201d means a building or part of a building occupied as a separate dwelling and includes\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) a garden or other land usually occupied with the building that is subsidiary and ancillary to it, is required for amenity or convenience and is not being used or developed primarily for commercial purposes,<\/p>\n<p>(b) a structure that is not permanently attached to the ground, and<\/p>\n<p>(c) a vehicle or vessel, whether mobile or not, occupied as a separate dwelling;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cinterest\u201d means any estate, right, title or other interest, legal or equitable;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cmortgage\u201d includes an equitable mortgage, a charge on registered land and a chattel mortgage;<\/p>\n<p>\u201crent\u201d includes a conventional rent, a rentcharge within the meaning of section 2(1) of the Statute of Limitations 1957 and a terminable annuity payable in respect of a loan for the purchase of a shared home;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cshared home\u201d means\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) subject to paragraph (b), a dwelling in which the civil partners ordinarily reside; and<\/p>\n<p>(b) in relation to a civil partner whose protection is in issue, the dwelling in which that civil partner ordinarily resides or, if he or she has left the other civil partner, in which he or she ordinarily resided before leaving.<\/p>\n<h4>Alienation of interest in shared home.<\/h4>\n<p>28.\u2014 (1) Where a civil partner, without the prior consent in writing of the other civil partner, purports to convey an interest in the shared home to a person except the other civil partner, then, subject to subsections (2), (3), and (8) to (14) and section 29, the purported conveyance is void.<\/p>\n<p>(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to a conveyance if it is made by a civil partner in pursuance of an enforceable agreement made before the civil partners\u2019 registration of their civil partnership.<\/p>\n<p>(3) A conveyance is not void by reason only of subsection (1) if\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) it is made to a purchaser for full value,<\/p>\n<p>(b) it is made by a person other than the civil partner to a purchaser for value, or<\/p>\n<p>(c) its validity depends on the validity of a conveyance in respect of which a condition mentioned in subsection (2) or paragraph (a) or (b) is satisfied.<\/p>\n<p>(4) If any question arises in any proceedings as to whether a conveyance is valid by reason of subsection (2) or (3), the burden of proving the validity is on the person alleging it.<\/p>\n<p>(5) In subsection (3), \u201cfull value\u201d means value that amounts or approximates to the value of that for which it is given.<\/p>\n<p>(6) In this section, \u201cpurchaser\u201d means a grantee, lessee, assignee, mortgagee, chargeant or other person who in good faith acquires an estate or interest in property.<\/p>\n<p>(7) For the purposes of this section, section 3 of the Conveyancing Act 1882 shall be read as if the words \u201cas such\u201d wherever they appear in paragraph (ii) of subsection (1) of that section were omitted.<\/p>\n<p>(8) Subject to subsection (9), proceedings may only be instituted to have a conveyance declared void by reason only of subsection (1) if they are instituted before the expiration of 6 years from the date of the conveyance.<\/p>\n<p>(9) Proceedings referred to in subsection (8) may be instituted by a civil partner who was in actual occupation of the shared home during the whole period that begins with the date of the conveyance and ends immediately before the institution of the proceedings, even if 6 years have expired from the date of the conveyance.<\/p>\n<p>(10) Subsection (8) is without prejudice to the rights of civil partners to seek redress for contraventions of subsection (1) otherwise than by proceedings referred to in that subsection.<\/p>\n<p>(11) A conveyance is deemed not to be and never to have been void by reason of subsection (1) unless\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) it has been declared void by a court by reason of subsection (1) in proceedings instituted in accordance with subsection (8) on or after the date on which this section commences, or<\/p>\n<p>(b) subject to the rights of any other person concerned, it is void by reason of subsection (1) and the parties to the conveyance or their successors in title so state in writing before the expiration of 6 years from the date of the conveyance.<\/p>\n<p>(12) A copy of a statement made for the purpose of paragraph (b) of subsection (11) and certified by the parties concerned or their successors in title to be a true copy shall, before the expiration of the 6 years referred to in that paragraph, be lodged by the parties or their successors with the Property Registration Authority for registration in the Land Registry or Registry of Deeds as appropriate.<\/p>\n<p>(13) A person who institutes proceedings to have a conveyance declared void by reason of subsection (1) shall, as soon as may be, cause relevant particulars of the proceedings to be entered as a lis pendens under and in accordance with the Judgements (Ireland) Act 1844 in any form that the rules of court may provide.<\/p>\n<p>(14) A general consent given in writing by a civil partner, after the commencement of this section, to any future conveyance of any interest in a shared home or a former shared home is deemed, for the purposes of subsection (1), to be a prior consent in writing if the deed for the conveyance is executed after the date of the consent.<\/p>\n<p>Annotations<\/p>\n<p>Editorial Notes:<\/p>\n<p>E12<br \/>\nCharging orders made under Remediation of Dwellings Damaged by the use of Defective Concrete Blocks Act 2022 (28\/2022) or charges arising under them confirmed not conveyances for purposes of section (22.06.2023) by Remediation of Dwellings Damaged by the use of Defective Concrete Blocks Act 2022 (28\/2022), s. 34(6), S.I. No. 321 of 2023.<\/p>\n<p>E13<br \/>\nCharging orders made under Nursing Homes Support Scheme Act 2009 (15\/2009), s. 14B(1) or mortgages arising thereunder confirmed not conveyances for purposes of section by Nursing Homes Support Scheme Act 2009 (15\/2009), s. 14B(8), as inserted (20.10.2021) by Nursing Homes Support Scheme (Amendment) Act 2021 (27\/2021), s. 4, commenced as per s. 33(2).<\/p>\n<p>E14<br \/>\nCharging orders made under Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2014 (21\/2014), s. 26, and charges arising under such orders confirmed not conveyances for purposes of section (1.01.2016) by Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2014 (21\/2014), s. 26(12), S.I. No. 482 of 2015.<\/p>\n<h4>Consent of civil partner.<\/h4>\n<p>29.\u2014 (1) Where the civil partner whose consent is required under section 28 omits or refuses to consent, the court may, subject to this section, dispense with the consent.<\/p>\n<p>(2) The court shall not dispense with the consent unless the court considers that it is unreasonable for the civil partner to withhold consent, taking into account all the circumstances, including\u2014<\/p>\n<p>F4[(a) the respective needs and resources of the civil partners and of any dependent child of the civil partners, and]<\/p>\n<p>(b) in a case where the civil partner whose consent is required is offered alternative accommodation, the suitability of that accommodation having regard to the respective degrees of security of tenure in the shared home and the alternative accommodation.<\/p>\n<p>(3) The court shall dispense with the consent of a civil partner whose consent is required if\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) the civil partner cannot be found after reasonable inquiries, and<\/p>\n<p>(b) the court is of the opinion that it would be reasonable to do so.<\/p>\n<p>(4) The court may give the consent on behalf of a civil partner whose consent is required if\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) a consultant psychiatrist, within the meaning of the Mental Health Act 2001, certifies that the civil partner is incapable of giving consent, and<\/p>\n<p>(b) the court is of the opinion that it would be reasonable to do so.<\/p>\n<p>Annotations<\/p>\n<p>Amendments:<\/p>\n<p>F4<br \/>\nSubstituted (18.01.2016) by Children and Family Relationships Act 2015 (9\/2015), s. 136, S.I. No. 12 of 2016.<\/p>\n<h4>Conduct leading to loss of shared home.<\/h4>\n<p>30.\u2014 (1) Where it appears to the court, on the application of a civil partner, that the other civil partner is engaging in conduct that might lead to the loss of any interest in the shared home or might render it unsuitable for habitation as a shared home, with the intention of F5[depriving the applicant or a dependent child of the civil partners of his or her residence] in the shared home, the court may make any order that it considers proper, directed to the other civil partner or to any other person, for the protection of the shared home F5[in the interest of the applicant or such child].<\/p>\n<p>(2) Where it appears to the court, on the application of a civil partner, that the other civil partner has F5[deprived the applicant or a dependent child of the civil partners of his or her residence] in the shared home by conduct that resulted in the loss of any interest in it or rendered it unsuitable for habitation as a shared home, the court may order the other civil partner or any other person to pay to the applicant the amount that the court considers proper F5[to compensate the applicant or such child] for their loss or make any other order directed to the other civil partner or to any other person that may appear to the court to be just and equitable.<\/p>\n<p>Annotations<\/p>\n<p>Amendments:<\/p>\n<p>F5<br \/>\nSubstituted (18.01.2016) by Children and Family Relationships Act 2015 (9\/2015), s. 137, S.I. No. 12 of 2016.<\/p>\n<p>Editorial Notes:<\/p>\n<p>E15<br \/>\nPower of court on application being made under Domestic Violence Act 2018 to make order under this section prescribed (1.01.2019) by Domestic Violence Act 2018 (6\/2018), s. 15(1), (2)(e), S.I. No. 532 of 2018.<\/p>\n<h4>Payment of outgoings on shared home.<\/h4>\n<p>31.\u2014 (1) Any payment or tender made or any other thing done by one civil partner in or towards satisfaction of any liability of the other civil partner in respect of rent, mortgage payments or other outgoings affecting the shared home shall be as good as if made or done by the other civil partner, and shall be treated by the person to whom the payment is made or the thing is done as though it were made or done by the other civil partner.<\/p>\n<p>(2) Nothing in subsection (1) affects any claim by the first-mentioned civil partner against the other to an interest in the shared home by virtue of the payment made or thing done.<\/p>\n<h4>Adjournment of proceedings by mortgagee or lessor for possession or sale of shared home.<\/h4>\n<p>32.\u2014 (1) The court may adjourn proceedings in an action brought by a mortgagee or lessor in relation to non-payment against a civil partner and claiming possession or sale of the shared home if it appears to the court that\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) the other civil partner is capable of paying to the mortgagee or lessor the arrears (other than the arrears of principal or interest or rent that do not constitute part of the periodical payments due under the mortgage or lease) of money due under the mortgage or lease within a reasonable time, and future periodical payments falling due under the mortgage or lease, and that the other civil partner desires to pay the arrears and periodical payments, and<\/p>\n<p>(b) it would be just and equitable to do so, in all the circumstances and having regard to the interests of the mortgagee or lessor, the respective interests of the civil partners and the terms of the mortgage or lease.<\/p>\n<p>(2) In considering whether to adjourn the proceedings under this section, and if so, for what period and on what terms, the court shall have regard in particular to whether the other civil partner has been informed, by or on behalf of the mortgagee or lessor or otherwise, of the non-payment of any of the sums in question.<\/p>\n<h4>Modification of terms of mortgage or lease as to payment of capital sum.<\/h4>\n<p>33.\u2014 The court may by order declare, on application by a civil partner, that a term of a mortgage or lease by virtue of which a sum is due, other than periodical payments due under the mortgage or lease, is of no effect for the purpose of proceedings under section 32, if, after the proceedings have been adjourned under that section it appears to the court that\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) all arrears (other than the arrears of principal or interest or rent that do not constitute part of the periodical payments due under the mortgage or lease or money due under the mortgage or lease) and periodical payments due as of the date of the order have been paid off, and<\/p>\n<p>(b) the periodical payments subsequently falling due will continue to be paid.<\/p>\n<h4>Restriction on disposal of household chattels.<\/h4>\n<p>34.\u2014 (1) The court may, on the application of a civil partner, by order prohibit, on the terms it may see fit, the other civil partner from disposing of or removing household chattels, if the court is of the opinion that there are reasonable grounds to believe that the other civil partner intends to do so and that it would F6[make it difficult for the applicant or a dependent child of the civil partners to reside] in the shared home without undue hardship if the household chattels were disposed of or removed.<\/p>\n<p>(2) Where proceedings for the dissolution of a civil partnership have been instituted by a civil partner, neither civil partner shall sell, lease, pledge, charge or otherwise dispose of or remove any of the household chattels in the shared home until the proceedings have been finally determined, unless\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) the other civil partner has consented to the disposition or removal, or<\/p>\n<p>(b) the court before which the proceedings have been instituted, on application by the civil partner who desires to make the disposition or removal, permits the civil partner to do so, with or without conditions.<\/p>\n<p>(3) Without prejudice to any other civil or criminal liability, a civil partner who contravenes subsection (2) commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to F7[a class D fine] or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both.<\/p>\n<p>(4) The court may order, on the application of a civil partner, that the other civil partner provide household chattels or a sum of money to the applicant, so as to F6[place the applicant or a dependent child of the civil partners] as nearly as possible in the position that prevailed before\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) the other civil partner contravened an order under subsection (1) or (2), or<\/p>\n<p>(b) the other civil partner sold, leased, pledged, charged or otherwise disposed of or removed the number or proportion of the household chattels in the shared home that made or is likely to F6[make it difficult for the applicant or a dependent child of the civil partners to reside] in the shared home without undue hardship.<\/p>\n<p>(5) In proceedings under this section, the court may make an order that appears to it to be proper in the circumstances, directed to a third person who has been informed in writing by a civil partner before the proceedings were taken, with respect to a proposed disposition to the third person by the other civil partner.<\/p>\n<p>(6) For the purposes of this section, \u201chousehold chattels\u201d means personal property ordinarily used in a household and includes garden effects and domestic animals, but does not include money or any chattels used by either civil partner for business or professional purposes.<\/p>\n<p>Annotations<\/p>\n<p>Amendments:<\/p>\n<p>F6<br \/>\nSubstituted (18.01.2016) by Children and Family Relationships Act 2015 (9\/2015), s. 138, S.I. No. 12 of 2016.<\/p>\n<p>F7<br \/>\nSubstituted (2.08.2011) by Civil Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2011 (23\/2011), s. 61(a), commenced on enactment. A class D fine means a fine not greater than \u20ac1,000 as provided (4.01.2011) by Fines Act 2010 (8\/2010), ss. 3, 7(1), S.I. No. 662 of 2010.<\/p>\n<p>Modifications (not altering text):<\/p>\n<p>C2<br \/>\nApplication of section extended (1.01.2019) by Domestic Violence Act 2018 (6\/2018), s. 14, S.I. No. 532 of 2018.<\/p>\n<h4>Application of section 34(2) of Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010<\/h4>\n<p>14. (1) Where an application for a barring order or a safety order is made against the civil partner of the applicant, subsection (2) of section 34 of the Act of 2010 shall apply\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) between the making of the application for the order and its determination, and<\/p>\n<p>(b) if that order is made, while that order is in force, as it applies between the institution and final determination of dissolution proceedings to which that section relates.<\/p>\n<p>(2) The court which is empowered under subsection (2)(b) of section 34 of the Act of 2010 to grant permission for a disposition or removal of household chattels within the meaning of that section is, notwithstanding anything in section 140 of that Act, the court before which the proceedings, including proceedings for a barring order or a safety order, have been instituted.<\/p>\n<p>Editorial Notes:<\/p>\n<p>E16<br \/>\nPower of court on application being made under Domestic Violence Act 2018 to make order under this section prescribed (1.01.2019) by Domestic Violence Act 2018 (6\/2018), s. 15(1), (2)(e), S.I. No. 532 of 2018.<\/p>\n<h4>Joinder of parties.<\/h4>\n<p>35.\u2014 In any proceedings under or referred to in this Part, each of the civil partners as well as any third person who has or may have an interest in the proceedings may be joined\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) by service of a third-party notice by an existing party to the proceedings, or<\/p>\n<p>(b) by direction of the court.<\/p>\n<h4>Registration of notice of existence of civil partnership.<\/h4>\n<p>36.\u2014 (1) A civil partner may lodge with the Property Registration Authority a notice stating that he or she is the civil partner of a person having an interest in property or land.<\/p>\n<p>(2) A notice under subsection (1) shall be registered in the Registry of Deeds or Land Registry, as appropriate.<\/p>\n<p>(3) No stamp duty or fee shall be payable in respect of any such notice.<\/p>\n<p>(4) The fact that notice of a civil partnership has not been registered under subsection (1) shall not give rise to any inference as to the non-existence of a civil partnership.<\/p>\n<h4>Restriction of section 59(2) of Registration of Title Act 1964.<\/h4>\n<p>37.\u2014 Section 59(2) of the Registration of Title Act 1964 (which refers to noting upon the register provisions of any enactment restricting dealings in land) does not apply to this Part.<\/p>\n<h4>Creation of joint tenancy in shared home exempt from fees.<\/h4>\n<p>38.\u2014 No land registration fee, Registry of Deeds fee or court fee shall be payable on any transaction creating a joint tenancy between civil partners in respect of a shared home where the home was immediately prior to such transaction owned by either civil partner or by both civil partners otherwise than as joint tenants.<\/p>\n<p>Annotations<\/p>\n<p>Editorial Notes:<\/p>\n<p>E17<br \/>\nInstruments creating a joint tenancy between civil partners under section confirmed excluded from e-stamping system (7.07.2012) by Stamp Duty (E-stamping of Instruments and Self-Assessment) Regulations 2012 (S.I. No. 234 of 2012), reg. 3 and sch. 1 par. 2(b), in effect as per reg. 1(2).<\/p>\n<h4>Offences.<\/h4>\n<p>39.\u2014 (1) A person commits an offence if he or she\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) has an interest in premises,<\/p>\n<p>(b) is required in writing by or on behalf of a person proposing to acquire the interest to give information necessary to establish if the conveyance of that interest requires a consent under section 28 (1), and<\/p>\n<p>(c) knowingly gives information that is false or misleading in any material particular.<\/p>\n<p>(2) A person who commits an offence under subsection (1) is liable\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) on summary conviction, to F8[a class C fine] or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months, or to both, or<\/p>\n<p>(b) on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years.<\/p>\n<p>Annotations<\/p>\n<p>Amendments:<\/p>\n<p>F8<br \/>\nSubstituted (2.08.2011) by Civil Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2011 (23\/2011), s. 61(b), commenced on enactment. A class C fine means a fine not greater than \u20ac2,500 as provided (4.01.2011) by Fines Act 2010 (8\/2010), ss. 3, 6(1), S.I. No. 662 of 2010.<\/p>\n<h4>Protection of certain tenancies.<\/h4>\n<p>40.\u2014 The Residential Tenancies Act 2004 is amended\u2014<\/p>\n<p>(a) in section 3(2)(h) and section 35(4) by inserting \u201c, civil partner within the meaning of the Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010\u201d after \u201cspouse\u201d wherever it appears, and<\/p>\n<p>(b) in section 39(3)(a)(i), by inserting \u201cor civil partner within the meaning of the Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010\u201d after \u201cspouse\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Protection of certain tenancies.<\/p>\n<p>41.\u2014 (1) In this section, \u201cAct of 1982\u201d means the Housing (Private Rented Dwellings) Act 1982.<\/p>\n<p>(2) Section 9 of the Act of 1982 is amended in subsection (2) by inserting \u201cor civil partner within the meaning of the Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010\u201d after \u201cspouse\u201d wherever it appears.<\/p>\n<p>(3) Section 16(1) of the Act of 1982 is amended by inserting \u201cor of the tenant or the tenant\u2019s civil partner within the meaning of the Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010\u201d after \u201cdwelling\u201d where it lastly occurs.<\/p>\n<p>(4) Section 22 of the Act of 1982 is amended by inserting \u201cor civil partner within the meaning of the Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010\u201d after \u201cspouse\u201d wherever it appears.<\/p>\n<h4>Amendment of Civil Legal Aid Act 1995.<\/h4>\n<p>42.\u2014 Section 28(9)(c)(i) of the Civil Legal Aid Act 1995 is amended by substituting \u201cor proceedings arising out of a dispute between spouses as to the title to or possession of any property, proceedings under Part 4 of the Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010, or proceedings arising out of a dispute between civil partners within the meaning of that Act as to the title to or possession of any property;\u201d for \u201cor proceedings arising out of a dispute between spouses as to the title to or possession of any property;\u201d.<\/p>\n<!--themify_builder_content-->\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-20766\" data-postid=\"20766\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-20766 themify_builder tf_clear\">\n    <\/div>\n<!--\/themify_builder_content-->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nature of Act&#8217;s Rights The Family Home Protection Act 1976 introduced protections for the non-owning spouse. Prior to the legislation, a non-owning spouse was thought at best to have a licence to stay in the family home on the basis of the husband\u2019s general obligation to maintain her. The property could be mortgaged or sold [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[297],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20766"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20766"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20766\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32969,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20766\/revisions\/32969"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20766"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20766"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20766"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}