1. Collective expulsions are prohibited.<\/p>\n
2. No one may be removed, expelled or extradited to a State where there is a serious risk that he or she would be subjected to the death penalty, torture or other inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Article 13 affirms that arts and scientific research shall be free of constraints. Academic freedom shall be respected.<\/p>\n
Article 19 of the Charter is based on Article 4 protocol of the e European Convention on Human Rights. Article 52 (3) provides that it is to be given the same meaning and scope.<\/p>\n
Article 19 prohibits collective expulsions. No one may be removed expelled or extradited to a stage where there is a serious risk that he or she will be subject to the death penalty torture or other inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.<\/p>\n
There is developed ECHR case law on collective expulsions. It applies to any measure requiring nonnationals as a group to leave the country except where such measures are taken on the basis of a reasonable and objective examination of a particular case of each non-national member of the group.<\/p>\n
The ECHR requires that the individual circumstances of each of those concerned have be genuinely and individually taken into account. They must have the opportunity to put their arguments in relation to expulsion on an individual basis.<\/p>\n
The provisions can apply to persons who are refugees or in the state or and being pushed back from entering the state or its territorial seas.<\/p>\n
Article 19 (2) incorporates the European Court of human rights provisions in relation to extradition and deportation to places where the person concerned may be subject to the death penalty or to torture or degrading and inhuman conditions.<\/p>\n\n
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Arts Sciences Religion & Beliefs Article 13 – Freedom of the arts and sciences The arts and scientific research shall be free of constraint. Academic freedom shall be respected. The Article has no direct equivalent in the European Convention on Human Rights. The ECHR has indicated that those who create perform distribute or exhibit works […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[354],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23618"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23618"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23618\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23622,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23618\/revisions\/23622"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23618"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23618"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23618"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}