Regulatory bodies charge fees such that they have the characteristics of service providers.\u00a0 The fact that charges are made for the services does not mean that the entities are undertakings.\u00a0 The question is whether the function is regulatory or administrative, rather than commercial or quasi-commercial.<\/p>\n
Where the state goes beyond acting in the exercise of regulatory functions and involves itself in economic activities, that is likely to be an undertaking.\u00a0 If a private entity could equally undertake the function, it is more likely to be classified as an undertaking.<\/p>\n
Undertakings may be subject to general competition law if they are in a dominant position.\u00a0 This predominant position is unlawful.\u00a0 \u00a0The sections of the competition law.<\/p>\n\n
\n <\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Former State Monopolies The period from the 1980s onwards saw the privatisation of certain former state monopolies. \u00a0The pressure for privatisation came from European Union state aid rules and internal trends in international economic policy. Irish Ferries was privatised in the mid-1980s. \u00a0When Irish Shipping was wound up, Irish Ferries acquired the British and Irish […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[130],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9963"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9963"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9963\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32619,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9963\/revisions\/32619"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9963"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9963"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalblog.ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9963"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}