Injunctions protecting the collective interests of consumers Scope (until 2023) SUMMARY OF: Directive 2009/22/EC – injunctions for the protection of consumers’ interests WHAT IS THE AIM OF THE DIRECTIVE? It introduces European Union (EU) rules to ensure that injunctions are effective enough to terminate infringements that are harmful to the collective interests of consumers. The directive will be repealed and replaced by Directive (EU) 2020/1828 […]
Taking of evidence in civil and commercial matters Regulation (EU) 2020/1783 on cooperation between the courts of the EU countries in taking evidence in civil or commercial matters aims to improve the effectiveness and speed of cross-border judicial proceedings in civil and commercial cases by simplifying and streamlining procedures for taking evidence. The regulation applies in civil and commercial matters when a court (‘requesting court’) either […]
Transmitting judicial and extrajudicial documents between EU countries (Post July 22) Regulation (EU) 2020/1784 on the service in the EU countries of judicial and extrajudicial documents in civil or commercial matters aims to improve the efficiency and speed of transmitting and servicing judicial* and extrajudicial* documents in cross-border civil and commercial cases by reducing the use of paper. It does so while ensuring the documents’ security […]
Mediation in civil and commercial matters A predictable legal framework can enable European Union (EU) citizens to benefit fully from the advantages of mediation* as a dispute resolution process, particularly in terms of cost-effectiveness and speed. Directive 2008/52/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on certain aspects of mediation in civil and commercial matters The directive aims to encourage […]
Legal aid in civil and commercial matters Directive 2003/8/EC — improved access to justice in cross-border disputes by establishing minimum common rules relating to legal aid It seeks to: improve access to justice in cross-border civil cases; establish EU-wide rules on legal aid; make sure people who cannot afford legal help have access to it; encourage cooperation on legal aid between EU countries. It has […]
European order for payment procedure Regulation (EC) No 1896/2006 — creating a European order for payment procedure The regulation creates a European order for payment procedure for claims not contested by the defendant. This simplifies, speeds up and reduces the costs of litigation in cases involving more than one EU country. It also permits the free circulation of European orders for payment which are recognised […]
The European Account Preservation Order for debt recovery between EU countries Regulation (EU) No 655/2014 — European Account Preservation Order It aims to facilitate debt recovery between EU countries in civil and commercial matters. It establishes a new procedure allowing a court in one EU country to freeze funds in the bank account of a debtor in another EU country. A European procedure is established […]
The Judgments Regulation has been recast by 2012 Regulation. It applies to civil commercial cases but not criminal law, family law, bankruptcy and inheritance matters and certain other specified matters. The earlier procedure required recognition in the state of enforcement. Under the new procedure, a judgment given in one state is recognised in the other state without any special procedure. If it is enforceable in […]