Improving the online licensing of music across the EU This directive aims at improving the functioning of copyright collective management organisations. It also makes it easier to grant EU-wide licensing of authors’ rights in regard to music that is made available online. Directive 2014/26/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February […]
Category: Copyright
IP Digital Single Market [EU]
Copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market Directive (EU) 2019/790 on copyright in the Digital Single Market WHAT IS THE AIM OF THE DIRECTIVE? The directive has 3 main objectives: to adapt certain key exceptions to copyright to the digital and the cross-border environment; to improve licensing practices and ensure wider access to […]
IT and Copyright
How IT Protected Computer programs and software are protected by the law of copyright.An EU Directive in 1993 required the protection of computer programs under copyright protection law. Although they were already recognised under Irish copyright law, the 1994 Regulations provided specifically for the protection of computer programmes by way of copyright and related rights. […]
Copyright Overview
Rights Concerned The owner of the copyright has the exclusive right to undertake or permit others to undertake acts restricted by copyright law. Copyright is infringed where a person undertakes or authorises another to undertake a restricted action without the consent of the rightful owner. The restricted acts include copying the work, making the work […]
Copyright Enforcement
Enforcement of Copyright There are a number of mechanisms for the enforcement of copyright. There are both civil actions for infringement and criminal sanctions. An owner of copyright and an exclusive licensee may take infringement proceedings. The right may be exercised by the holder of the copyright. This may be the original copyright holder or […]
Key Rights
Exclusive Rights The owner of the copyright has the exclusive right to undertake or permit others to undertake acts restricted by copyright law. Copyright is infringed when a person undertakes or authorises another to undertake a restricted action without the consent of the rightful owner. The restricted acts include copying the work, making the work […]
Secondary Infringement
Distributing Infringing Works A person infringes the copyright in a work where he or she without the licence of the copyright owner— sells, rents or lends, or offers or exposes for sale, rental or loan, imports into the State, otherwise than for his or her private and domestic use, in the course of a business, […]
Moral Rights
Nature of Rights Moral rights are the author’s personal rights. The purpose of the right is to protect against damage to the author’s reputation. The full extent of the rights is unclear. The rights continue to exist, notwithstanding the transfer of the copyright to a third party. The right continues until at least the expiry […]
Libraries
Copyright Libraries The publisher of any book first published in the State shall, within one month after the publication, deliver, at his or her own expense, a copy of the book to each of the following— the authority having control of the National Library of Ireland, the authority having control of the library of Trinity […]
Performance Rights
Performance Rights Performers’ rights were not protected under the Berne Convention. They are protected under the Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations (1961). This was expanded by the Geneva Treaty on Performance Rights and Phonogram Producers (1996). Performance rights are subject to separate similar provisions to those for […]
Computer Programmes
Programmes & Copyright The original EU directive requiring copyright protection for the programmes was updated in 2009. The directive makes clear that computer programmes include programmes in any form, including those incorporated into hardware. It includes preparatory design work leading to the development of a computer programme provided that the nature of the preparatory work […]
Protected Works
Original Work The work must be an original literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work. Originality means that the work must be the expression of inventive thought. It is not the idea that is protected. The expression of the idea is protected. The concept of an original work as interpreted by the European courts differs from […]
Extended Newer Rights
Extension of Copyright Originally, copyright protected only literary, musical,l dramatic and artistic works by authors. The Copyright Act 1963 introduced protection for certain similar neighbouring or entrepreneurial works. Various EU directives broadened these protections over time. This is reflected in the Copyright Act 2000 and regulations based on directives made before and since. These rights […]
Collective Management
Collecting Societies A unique feature of copyright legislation is the existence of licensing and collection bodies. The legislation facilitates licensing bodies and registers them. The collecting societies have the legal right to collect on behalf of members. There are collecting societies in respect of certain categories of copyright. There is a register of copyright licensing […]
Ownership of Copyright
Property The Copyright Act confers ownership of copyright on the author. This expression is used both in relation to the traditional forms of copyright protected works by individuals and to proprietorship of the newer economic rights type of copyright. Copyright may be owned by individuals or corporates. It is a form of property protected by […]
Database Rights
Databases Databases are a collection of data or other material arranged systematically and individually accessible by electronic or other means. It may be electronic or in tangible form. A database may refer to any materials. It may be electronic or manual. It may be a collection of data works or other materials. It may be […]
Copyright Term
Term of Protection The trend over time has been to increase the period of copyright protection and the scope of protected rights. To some extent, this reflects technological developments. The period was 14 years renewable at the beginning of the 18th century. It increased to 28 years renewable in 1814. This is extended further to […]
EU & Copyright
Enhancements EU legislation has provided for various enhancements and harmonization of the rights of various copyright holders. Directive includes extensions in relation legal protection of computer programs. resale rights rental and lending rights relating to copyright in the field of intellectual property. computer programme protection copyright and related rights applicable to broadcast programs by satellite […]