BIS The Bank for International Settlements was established in 1930. It acts as the bank for the world’s central banks. It promotes international monetary corporation. It acts as an agent for international settlement. The BIS holds between 10 and 15 per cent of the world’s monetary reserves. It is incorporated under Swiss Law. Since 2001, […]
Category: Finance
Investment
Nature of Investment Investment in this context is generally said to involve the taking of a share of at least 10 percent in the controlling shares of a foreign enterprise. Some states do not allow foreign investments at all. It is generally a characteristic of socialist or developing states. In such cases, participation in investment […]
Securities
Scope States regulate securities. Each state regulates its own securities law. Securities laws have converged substantially due to a variety of factors in the last thirty years. Securities are shares, rights, tradable debt or other investment interest in enterprises or other assets. They may represent a debt, such as in the case of a bond […]
Money & The IMF
Money Money is anything which is customarily used as a medium of exchange and measure of value. Classically, money has the characteristics of being a medium for storing value over time, a unit or measure of value and a means of exchange. Money can be any stock or valuable commodity which is transferable and capable […]
Payments
Nature Payment is the unconditional transfer of money. It may be physical cash or, more likely, by the way of credit to a bank account. Obligations under a contract are commonly fulfilled and extinguished by payment. Payment may take place by delivery of currency notes, whether coins or bank notes, that are legal tender of […]
Sovereign Debt
Terms of Borrowing Sovereigns are generally immune from enforcement in foreign courts. There are no effective solvency mechanisms against states. There is no process by which their assets may be realized and distributed to creditors. Solvent states have an inherent power to borrow subject to the terms of their own constitution. Some Constitutions may impose […]